week06

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Run unit tests. This is invoked by:
+$ python -m psutil.tests.
+"""
+
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+
+
+pytest.main(["-v", "-s", "--tb=short"])

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_aix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'
+# Copyright (c) 2017, Arnon Yaari
+# All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""AIX specific tests."""
+
+import re
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import AIX
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import sh
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not AIX, reason="AIX only")
+class AIXSpecificTestCase(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_virtual_memory(self):
+        out = sh('/usr/bin/svmon -O unit=KB')
+        re_pattern = r"memory\s*"
+        for field in ("size inuse free pin virtual available mmode").split():
+            re_pattern += r"(?P<%s>\S+)\s+" % (field,)
+        matchobj = re.search(re_pattern, out)
+
+        assert matchobj is not None
+
+        KB = 1024
+        total = int(matchobj.group("size")) * KB
+        available = int(matchobj.group("available")) * KB
+        used = int(matchobj.group("inuse")) * KB
+        free = int(matchobj.group("free")) * KB
+
+        psutil_result = psutil.virtual_memory()
+
+        # TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM from psutil.tests is not enough. For some reason
+        # we're seeing differences of ~1.2 MB. 2 MB is still a good tolerance
+        # when compared to GBs.
+        TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM = 2 * KB * KB  # 2 MB
+        assert psutil_result.total == total
+        assert abs(psutil_result.used - used) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+        assert abs(psutil_result.available - available) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+        assert abs(psutil_result.free - free) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    def test_swap_memory(self):
+        out = sh('/usr/sbin/lsps -a')
+        # From the man page, "The size is given in megabytes" so we assume
+        # we'll always have 'MB' in the result
+        # TODO maybe try to use "swap -l" to check "used" too, but its units
+        # are not guaranteed to be "MB" so parsing may not be consistent
+        matchobj = re.search(
+            r"(?P<space>\S+)\s+"
+            r"(?P<vol>\S+)\s+"
+            r"(?P<vg>\S+)\s+"
+            r"(?P<size>\d+)MB",
+            out,
+        )
+
+        assert matchobj is not None
+
+        total_mb = int(matchobj.group("size"))
+        MB = 1024**2
+        psutil_result = psutil.swap_memory()
+        # we divide our result by MB instead of multiplying the lsps value by
+        # MB because lsps may round down, so we round down too
+        assert int(psutil_result.total / MB) == total_mb
+
+    def test_cpu_stats(self):
+        out = sh('/usr/bin/mpstat -a')
+
+        re_pattern = r"ALL\s*"
+        for field in (
+            "min maj mpcs mpcr dev soft dec ph cs ics bound rq "
+            "push S3pull S3grd S0rd S1rd S2rd S3rd S4rd S5rd "
+            "sysc"
+        ).split():
+            re_pattern += r"(?P<%s>\S+)\s+" % (field,)
+        matchobj = re.search(re_pattern, out)
+
+        assert matchobj is not None
+
+        # numbers are usually in the millions so 1000 is ok for tolerance
+        CPU_STATS_TOLERANCE = 1000
+        psutil_result = psutil.cpu_stats()
+        assert (
+            abs(psutil_result.ctx_switches - int(matchobj.group("cs")))
+            < CPU_STATS_TOLERANCE
+        )
+        assert (
+            abs(psutil_result.syscalls - int(matchobj.group("sysc")))
+            < CPU_STATS_TOLERANCE
+        )
+        assert (
+            abs(psutil_result.interrupts - int(matchobj.group("dev")))
+            < CPU_STATS_TOLERANCE
+        )
+        assert (
+            abs(psutil_result.soft_interrupts - int(matchobj.group("soft")))
+            < CPU_STATS_TOLERANCE
+        )
+
+    def test_cpu_count_logical(self):
+        out = sh('/usr/bin/mpstat -a')
+        mpstat_lcpu = int(re.search(r"lcpu=(\d+)", out).group(1))
+        psutil_lcpu = psutil.cpu_count(logical=True)
+        assert mpstat_lcpu == psutil_lcpu
+
+    def test_net_if_addrs_names(self):
+        out = sh('/etc/ifconfig -l')
+        ifconfig_names = set(out.split())
+        psutil_names = set(psutil.net_if_addrs().keys())
+        assert ifconfig_names == psutil_names

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_bsd.py

@@ -0,0 +1,592 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+# TODO: (FreeBSD) add test for comparing connections with 'sockstat' cmd.
+
+
+"""Tests specific to all BSD platforms."""
+
+
+import datetime
+import os
+import re
+import time
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import BSD
+from psutil import FREEBSD
+from psutil import NETBSD
+from psutil import OPENBSD
+from psutil.tests import HAS_BATTERY
+from psutil.tests import TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import retry_on_failure
+from psutil.tests import sh
+from psutil.tests import spawn_testproc
+from psutil.tests import terminate
+from psutil.tests import which
+
+
+if BSD:
+    from psutil._psutil_posix import getpagesize
+
+    PAGESIZE = getpagesize()
+    # muse requires root privileges
+    MUSE_AVAILABLE = os.getuid() == 0 and which('muse')
+else:
+    PAGESIZE = None
+    MUSE_AVAILABLE = False
+
+
+def sysctl(cmdline):
+    """Expects a sysctl command with an argument and parse the result
+    returning only the value of interest.
+    """
+    result = sh("sysctl " + cmdline)
+    if FREEBSD:
+        result = result[result.find(": ") + 2 :]
+    elif OPENBSD or NETBSD:
+        result = result[result.find("=") + 1 :]
+    try:
+        return int(result)
+    except ValueError:
+        return result
+
+
+def muse(field):
+    """Thin wrapper around 'muse' cmdline utility."""
+    out = sh('muse')
+    for line in out.split('\n'):
+        if line.startswith(field):
+            break
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("line not found")
+    return int(line.split()[1])
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- All BSD*
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not BSD, reason="BSD only")
+class BSDTestCase(PsutilTestCase):
+    """Generic tests common to all BSD variants."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        cls.pid = spawn_testproc().pid
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        terminate(cls.pid)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(NETBSD, reason="-o lstart doesn't work on NETBSD")
+    def test_process_create_time(self):
+        output = sh("ps -o lstart -p %s" % self.pid)
+        start_ps = output.replace('STARTED', '').strip()
+        start_psutil = psutil.Process(self.pid).create_time()
+        start_psutil = time.strftime(
+            "%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Y", time.localtime(start_psutil)
+        )
+        assert start_ps == start_psutil
+
+    def test_disks(self):
+        # test psutil.disk_usage() and psutil.disk_partitions()
+        # against "df -a"
+        def df(path):
+            out = sh('df -k "%s"' % path).strip()
+            lines = out.split('\n')
+            lines.pop(0)
+            line = lines.pop(0)
+            dev, total, used, free = line.split()[:4]
+            if dev == 'none':
+                dev = ''
+            total = int(total) * 1024
+            used = int(used) * 1024
+            free = int(free) * 1024
+            return dev, total, used, free
+
+        for part in psutil.disk_partitions(all=False):
+            usage = psutil.disk_usage(part.mountpoint)
+            dev, total, used, free = df(part.mountpoint)
+            assert part.device == dev
+            assert usage.total == total
+            # 10 MB tolerance
+            if abs(usage.free - free) > 10 * 1024 * 1024:
+                raise self.fail("psutil=%s, df=%s" % (usage.free, free))
+            if abs(usage.used - used) > 10 * 1024 * 1024:
+                raise self.fail("psutil=%s, df=%s" % (usage.used, used))
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not which('sysctl'), reason="sysctl cmd not available")
+    def test_cpu_count_logical(self):
+        syst = sysctl("hw.ncpu")
+        assert psutil.cpu_count(logical=True) == syst
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not which('sysctl'), reason="sysctl cmd not available")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        NETBSD, reason="skipped on NETBSD"  # we check /proc/meminfo
+    )
+    def test_virtual_memory_total(self):
+        num = sysctl('hw.physmem')
+        assert num == psutil.virtual_memory().total
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        not which('ifconfig'), reason="ifconfig cmd not available"
+    )
+    def test_net_if_stats(self):
+        for name, stats in psutil.net_if_stats().items():
+            try:
+                out = sh("ifconfig %s" % name)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                pass
+            else:
+                assert stats.isup == ('RUNNING' in out)
+                if "mtu" in out:
+                    assert stats.mtu == int(re.findall(r'mtu (\d+)', out)[0])
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- FreeBSD
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not FREEBSD, reason="FREEBSD only")
+class FreeBSDPsutilTestCase(PsutilTestCase):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        cls.pid = spawn_testproc().pid
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        terminate(cls.pid)
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_memory_maps(self):
+        out = sh('procstat -v %s' % self.pid)
+        maps = psutil.Process(self.pid).memory_maps(grouped=False)
+        lines = out.split('\n')[1:]
+        while lines:
+            line = lines.pop()
+            fields = line.split()
+            _, start, stop, _perms, res = fields[:5]
+            map = maps.pop()
+            assert "%s-%s" % (start, stop) == map.addr
+            assert int(res) == map.rss
+            if not map.path.startswith('['):
+                assert fields[10] == map.path
+
+    def test_exe(self):
+        out = sh('procstat -b %s' % self.pid)
+        assert psutil.Process(self.pid).exe() == out.split('\n')[1].split()[-1]
+
+    def test_cmdline(self):
+        out = sh('procstat -c %s' % self.pid)
+        assert ' '.join(psutil.Process(self.pid).cmdline()) == ' '.join(
+            out.split('\n')[1].split()[2:]
+        )
+
+    def test_uids_gids(self):
+        out = sh('procstat -s %s' % self.pid)
+        euid, ruid, suid, egid, rgid, sgid = out.split('\n')[1].split()[2:8]
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        uids = p.uids()
+        gids = p.gids()
+        assert uids.real == int(ruid)
+        assert uids.effective == int(euid)
+        assert uids.saved == int(suid)
+        assert gids.real == int(rgid)
+        assert gids.effective == int(egid)
+        assert gids.saved == int(sgid)
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_ctx_switches(self):
+        tested = []
+        out = sh('procstat -r %s' % self.pid)
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        for line in out.split('\n'):
+            line = line.lower().strip()
+            if ' voluntary context' in line:
+                pstat_value = int(line.split()[-1])
+                psutil_value = p.num_ctx_switches().voluntary
+                assert pstat_value == psutil_value
+                tested.append(None)
+            elif ' involuntary context' in line:
+                pstat_value = int(line.split()[-1])
+                psutil_value = p.num_ctx_switches().involuntary
+                assert pstat_value == psutil_value
+                tested.append(None)
+        if len(tested) != 2:
+            raise RuntimeError("couldn't find lines match in procstat out")
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_cpu_times(self):
+        tested = []
+        out = sh('procstat -r %s' % self.pid)
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        for line in out.split('\n'):
+            line = line.lower().strip()
+            if 'user time' in line:
+                pstat_value = float('0.' + line.split()[-1].split('.')[-1])
+                psutil_value = p.cpu_times().user
+                assert pstat_value == psutil_value
+                tested.append(None)
+            elif 'system time' in line:
+                pstat_value = float('0.' + line.split()[-1].split('.')[-1])
+                psutil_value = p.cpu_times().system
+                assert pstat_value == psutil_value
+                tested.append(None)
+        if len(tested) != 2:
+            raise RuntimeError("couldn't find lines match in procstat out")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not FREEBSD, reason="FREEBSD only")
+class FreeBSDSystemTestCase(PsutilTestCase):
+    @staticmethod
+    def parse_swapinfo():
+        # the last line is always the total
+        output = sh("swapinfo -k").splitlines()[-1]
+        parts = re.split(r'\s+', output)
+
+        if not parts:
+            raise ValueError("Can't parse swapinfo: %s" % output)
+
+        # the size is in 1k units, so multiply by 1024
+        total, used, free = (int(p) * 1024 for p in parts[1:4])
+        return total, used, free
+
+    def test_cpu_frequency_against_sysctl(self):
+        # Currently only cpu 0 is frequency is supported in FreeBSD
+        # All other cores use the same frequency.
+        sensor = "dev.cpu.0.freq"
+        try:
+            sysctl_result = int(sysctl(sensor))
+        except RuntimeError:
+            raise pytest.skip("frequencies not supported by kernel")
+        assert psutil.cpu_freq().current == sysctl_result
+
+        sensor = "dev.cpu.0.freq_levels"
+        sysctl_result = sysctl(sensor)
+        # sysctl returns a string of the format:
+        # <freq_level_1>/<voltage_level_1> <freq_level_2>/<voltage_level_2>...
+        # Ordered highest available to lowest available.
+        max_freq = int(sysctl_result.split()[0].split("/")[0])
+        min_freq = int(sysctl_result.split()[-1].split("/")[0])
+        assert psutil.cpu_freq().max == max_freq
+        assert psutil.cpu_freq().min == min_freq
+
+    # --- virtual_memory(); tests against sysctl
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vmem_active(self):
+        syst = sysctl("vm.stats.vm.v_active_count") * PAGESIZE
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().active - syst) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vmem_inactive(self):
+        syst = sysctl("vm.stats.vm.v_inactive_count") * PAGESIZE
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().inactive - syst) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vmem_wired(self):
+        syst = sysctl("vm.stats.vm.v_wire_count") * PAGESIZE
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().wired - syst) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vmem_cached(self):
+        syst = sysctl("vm.stats.vm.v_cache_count") * PAGESIZE
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().cached - syst) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vmem_free(self):
+        syst = sysctl("vm.stats.vm.v_free_count") * PAGESIZE
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().free - syst) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vmem_buffers(self):
+        syst = sysctl("vfs.bufspace")
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().buffers - syst) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    # --- virtual_memory(); tests against muse
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not MUSE_AVAILABLE, reason="muse not installed")
+    def test_muse_vmem_total(self):
+        num = muse('Total')
+        assert psutil.virtual_memory().total == num
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not MUSE_AVAILABLE, reason="muse not installed")
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_muse_vmem_active(self):
+        num = muse('Active')
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().active - num) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not MUSE_AVAILABLE, reason="muse not installed")
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_muse_vmem_inactive(self):
+        num = muse('Inactive')
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().inactive - num) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not MUSE_AVAILABLE, reason="muse not installed")
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_muse_vmem_wired(self):
+        num = muse('Wired')
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().wired - num) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not MUSE_AVAILABLE, reason="muse not installed")
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_muse_vmem_cached(self):
+        num = muse('Cache')
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().cached - num) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not MUSE_AVAILABLE, reason="muse not installed")
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_muse_vmem_free(self):
+        num = muse('Free')
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().free - num) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not MUSE_AVAILABLE, reason="muse not installed")
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_muse_vmem_buffers(self):
+        num = muse('Buffer')
+        assert abs(psutil.virtual_memory().buffers - num) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    def test_cpu_stats_ctx_switches(self):
+        assert (
+            abs(
+                psutil.cpu_stats().ctx_switches
+                - sysctl('vm.stats.sys.v_swtch')
+            )
+            < 1000
+        )
+
+    def test_cpu_stats_interrupts(self):
+        assert (
+            abs(psutil.cpu_stats().interrupts - sysctl('vm.stats.sys.v_intr'))
+            < 1000
+        )
+
+    def test_cpu_stats_soft_interrupts(self):
+        assert (
+            abs(
+                psutil.cpu_stats().soft_interrupts
+                - sysctl('vm.stats.sys.v_soft')
+            )
+            < 1000
+        )
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_cpu_stats_syscalls(self):
+        # pretty high tolerance but it looks like it's OK.
+        assert (
+            abs(psutil.cpu_stats().syscalls - sysctl('vm.stats.sys.v_syscall'))
+            < 200000
+        )
+
+    # def test_cpu_stats_traps(self):
+    #    self.assertAlmostEqual(psutil.cpu_stats().traps,
+    #                           sysctl('vm.stats.sys.v_trap'), delta=1000)
+
+    # --- swap memory
+
+    def test_swapmem_free(self):
+        _total, _used, free = self.parse_swapinfo()
+        assert abs(psutil.swap_memory().free - free) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    def test_swapmem_used(self):
+        _total, used, _free = self.parse_swapinfo()
+        assert abs(psutil.swap_memory().used - used) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    def test_swapmem_total(self):
+        total, _used, _free = self.parse_swapinfo()
+        assert abs(psutil.swap_memory().total - total) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    # --- others
+
+    def test_boot_time(self):
+        s = sysctl('sysctl kern.boottime')
+        s = s[s.find(" sec = ") + 7 :]
+        s = s[: s.find(',')]
+        btime = int(s)
+        assert btime == psutil.boot_time()
+
+    # --- sensors_battery
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_BATTERY, reason="no battery")
+    def test_sensors_battery(self):
+        def secs2hours(secs):
+            m, _s = divmod(secs, 60)
+            h, m = divmod(m, 60)
+            return "%d:%02d" % (h, m)
+
+        out = sh("acpiconf -i 0")
+        fields = dict(
+            [(x.split('\t')[0], x.split('\t')[-1]) for x in out.split("\n")]
+        )
+        metrics = psutil.sensors_battery()
+        percent = int(fields['Remaining capacity:'].replace('%', ''))
+        remaining_time = fields['Remaining time:']
+        assert metrics.percent == percent
+        if remaining_time == 'unknown':
+            assert metrics.secsleft == psutil.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED
+        else:
+            assert secs2hours(metrics.secsleft) == remaining_time
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_BATTERY, reason="no battery")
+    def test_sensors_battery_against_sysctl(self):
+        assert psutil.sensors_battery().percent == sysctl(
+            "hw.acpi.battery.life"
+        )
+        assert psutil.sensors_battery().power_plugged == (
+            sysctl("hw.acpi.acline") == 1
+        )
+        secsleft = psutil.sensors_battery().secsleft
+        if secsleft < 0:
+            assert sysctl("hw.acpi.battery.time") == -1
+        else:
+            assert secsleft == sysctl("hw.acpi.battery.time") * 60
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(HAS_BATTERY, reason="has battery")
+    def test_sensors_battery_no_battery(self):
+        # If no battery is present one of these calls is supposed
+        # to fail, see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1074
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+            sysctl("hw.acpi.battery.life")
+            sysctl("hw.acpi.battery.time")
+            sysctl("hw.acpi.acline")
+        assert psutil.sensors_battery() is None
+
+    # --- sensors_temperatures
+
+    def test_sensors_temperatures_against_sysctl(self):
+        num_cpus = psutil.cpu_count(True)
+        for cpu in range(num_cpus):
+            sensor = "dev.cpu.%s.temperature" % cpu
+            # sysctl returns a string in the format 46.0C
+            try:
+                sysctl_result = int(float(sysctl(sensor)[:-1]))
+            except RuntimeError:
+                raise pytest.skip("temperatures not supported by kernel")
+            assert (
+                abs(
+                    psutil.sensors_temperatures()["coretemp"][cpu].current
+                    - sysctl_result
+                )
+                < 10
+            )
+
+            sensor = "dev.cpu.%s.coretemp.tjmax" % cpu
+            sysctl_result = int(float(sysctl(sensor)[:-1]))
+            assert (
+                psutil.sensors_temperatures()["coretemp"][cpu].high
+                == sysctl_result
+            )
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- OpenBSD
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not OPENBSD, reason="OPENBSD only")
+class OpenBSDTestCase(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_boot_time(self):
+        s = sysctl('kern.boottime')
+        sys_bt = datetime.datetime.strptime(s, "%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y")
+        psutil_bt = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time())
+        assert sys_bt == psutil_bt
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- NetBSD
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not NETBSD, reason="NETBSD only")
+class NetBSDTestCase(PsutilTestCase):
+    @staticmethod
+    def parse_meminfo(look_for):
+        with open('/proc/meminfo') as f:
+            for line in f:
+                if line.startswith(look_for):
+                    return int(line.split()[1]) * 1024
+        raise ValueError("can't find %s" % look_for)
+
+    # --- virtual mem
+
+    def test_vmem_total(self):
+        assert psutil.virtual_memory().total == self.parse_meminfo("MemTotal:")
+
+    def test_vmem_free(self):
+        assert (
+            abs(psutil.virtual_memory().free - self.parse_meminfo("MemFree:"))
+            < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+        )
+
+    def test_vmem_buffers(self):
+        assert (
+            abs(
+                psutil.virtual_memory().buffers
+                - self.parse_meminfo("Buffers:")
+            )
+            < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+        )
+
+    def test_vmem_shared(self):
+        assert (
+            abs(
+                psutil.virtual_memory().shared
+                - self.parse_meminfo("MemShared:")
+            )
+            < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+        )
+
+    def test_vmem_cached(self):
+        assert (
+            abs(psutil.virtual_memory().cached - self.parse_meminfo("Cached:"))
+            < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+        )
+
+    # --- swap mem
+
+    def test_swapmem_total(self):
+        assert (
+            abs(psutil.swap_memory().total - self.parse_meminfo("SwapTotal:"))
+            < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+        )
+
+    def test_swapmem_free(self):
+        assert (
+            abs(psutil.swap_memory().free - self.parse_meminfo("SwapFree:"))
+            < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+        )
+
+    def test_swapmem_used(self):
+        smem = psutil.swap_memory()
+        assert smem.used == smem.total - smem.free
+
+    # --- others
+
+    def test_cpu_stats_interrupts(self):
+        with open('/proc/stat', 'rb') as f:
+            for line in f:
+                if line.startswith(b'intr'):
+                    interrupts = int(line.split()[1])
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("couldn't find line")
+        assert abs(psutil.cpu_stats().interrupts - interrupts) < 1000
+
+    def test_cpu_stats_ctx_switches(self):
+        with open('/proc/stat', 'rb') as f:
+            for line in f:
+                if line.startswith(b'ctxt'):
+                    ctx_switches = int(line.split()[1])
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("couldn't find line")
+        assert abs(psutil.cpu_stats().ctx_switches - ctx_switches) < 1000

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_connections.py

@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Tests for psutil.net_connections() and Process.net_connections() APIs."""
+
+import os
+import socket
+import textwrap
+from contextlib import closing
+from socket import AF_INET
+from socket import AF_INET6
+from socket import SOCK_DGRAM
+from socket import SOCK_STREAM
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import FREEBSD
+from psutil import LINUX
+from psutil import MACOS
+from psutil import NETBSD
+from psutil import OPENBSD
+from psutil import POSIX
+from psutil import SUNOS
+from psutil import WINDOWS
+from psutil._common import supports_ipv6
+from psutil._compat import PY3
+from psutil.tests import AF_UNIX
+from psutil.tests import HAS_NET_CONNECTIONS_UNIX
+from psutil.tests import SKIP_SYSCONS
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import bind_socket
+from psutil.tests import bind_unix_socket
+from psutil.tests import check_connection_ntuple
+from psutil.tests import create_sockets
+from psutil.tests import filter_proc_net_connections
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import reap_children
+from psutil.tests import retry_on_failure
+from psutil.tests import skip_on_access_denied
+from psutil.tests import tcp_socketpair
+from psutil.tests import unix_socketpair
+from psutil.tests import wait_for_file
+
+
+SOCK_SEQPACKET = getattr(socket, "SOCK_SEQPACKET", object())
+
+
+def this_proc_net_connections(kind):
+    cons = psutil.Process().net_connections(kind=kind)
+    if kind in ("all", "unix"):
+        return filter_proc_net_connections(cons)
+    return cons
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="serial")
+class ConnectionTestCase(PsutilTestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        assert this_proc_net_connections(kind='all') == []
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        # Make sure we closed all resources.
+        assert this_proc_net_connections(kind='all') == []
+
+    def compare_procsys_connections(self, pid, proc_cons, kind='all'):
+        """Given a process PID and its list of connections compare
+        those against system-wide connections retrieved via
+        psutil.net_connections.
+        """
+        try:
+            sys_cons = psutil.net_connections(kind=kind)
+        except psutil.AccessDenied:
+            # On MACOS, system-wide connections are retrieved by iterating
+            # over all processes
+            if MACOS:
+                return
+            else:
+                raise
+        # Filter for this proc PID and exlucde PIDs from the tuple.
+        sys_cons = [c[:-1] for c in sys_cons if c.pid == pid]
+        sys_cons.sort()
+        proc_cons.sort()
+        assert proc_cons == sys_cons
+
+
+class TestBasicOperations(ConnectionTestCase):
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(SKIP_SYSCONS, reason="requires root")
+    def test_system(self):
+        with create_sockets():
+            for conn in psutil.net_connections(kind='all'):
+                check_connection_ntuple(conn)
+
+    def test_process(self):
+        with create_sockets():
+            for conn in this_proc_net_connections(kind='all'):
+                check_connection_ntuple(conn)
+
+    def test_invalid_kind(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            this_proc_net_connections(kind='???')
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            psutil.net_connections(kind='???')
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="serial")
+class TestUnconnectedSockets(ConnectionTestCase):
+    """Tests sockets which are open but not connected to anything."""
+
+    def get_conn_from_sock(self, sock):
+        cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='all')
+        smap = dict([(c.fd, c) for c in cons])
+        if NETBSD or FREEBSD:
+            # NetBSD opens a UNIX socket to /var/log/run
+            # so there may be more connections.
+            return smap[sock.fileno()]
+        else:
+            assert len(cons) == 1
+            if cons[0].fd != -1:
+                assert smap[sock.fileno()].fd == sock.fileno()
+            return cons[0]
+
+    def check_socket(self, sock):
+        """Given a socket, makes sure it matches the one obtained
+        via psutil. It assumes this process created one connection
+        only (the one supposed to be checked).
+        """
+        conn = self.get_conn_from_sock(sock)
+        check_connection_ntuple(conn)
+
+        # fd, family, type
+        if conn.fd != -1:
+            assert conn.fd == sock.fileno()
+        assert conn.family == sock.family
+        # see: http://bugs.python.org/issue30204
+        assert conn.type == sock.getsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_TYPE)
+
+        # local address
+        laddr = sock.getsockname()
+        if not laddr and PY3 and isinstance(laddr, bytes):
+            # See: http://bugs.python.org/issue30205
+            laddr = laddr.decode()
+        if sock.family == AF_INET6:
+            laddr = laddr[:2]
+        assert conn.laddr == laddr
+
+        # XXX Solaris can't retrieve system-wide UNIX sockets
+        if sock.family == AF_UNIX and HAS_NET_CONNECTIONS_UNIX:
+            cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='all')
+            self.compare_procsys_connections(os.getpid(), cons, kind='all')
+        return conn
+
+    def test_tcp_v4(self):
+        addr = ("127.0.0.1", 0)
+        with closing(bind_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, addr=addr)) as sock:
+            conn = self.check_socket(sock)
+            assert conn.raddr == ()
+            assert conn.status == psutil.CONN_LISTEN
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not supports_ipv6(), reason="IPv6 not supported")
+    def test_tcp_v6(self):
+        addr = ("::1", 0)
+        with closing(bind_socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, addr=addr)) as sock:
+            conn = self.check_socket(sock)
+            assert conn.raddr == ()
+            assert conn.status == psutil.CONN_LISTEN
+
+    def test_udp_v4(self):
+        addr = ("127.0.0.1", 0)
+        with closing(bind_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, addr=addr)) as sock:
+            conn = self.check_socket(sock)
+            assert conn.raddr == ()
+            assert conn.status == psutil.CONN_NONE
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not supports_ipv6(), reason="IPv6 not supported")
+    def test_udp_v6(self):
+        addr = ("::1", 0)
+        with closing(bind_socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, addr=addr)) as sock:
+            conn = self.check_socket(sock)
+            assert conn.raddr == ()
+            assert conn.status == psutil.CONN_NONE
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    def test_unix_tcp(self):
+        testfn = self.get_testfn()
+        with closing(bind_unix_socket(testfn, type=SOCK_STREAM)) as sock:
+            conn = self.check_socket(sock)
+            assert conn.raddr == ""  # noqa
+            assert conn.status == psutil.CONN_NONE
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    def test_unix_udp(self):
+        testfn = self.get_testfn()
+        with closing(bind_unix_socket(testfn, type=SOCK_STREAM)) as sock:
+            conn = self.check_socket(sock)
+            assert conn.raddr == ""  # noqa
+            assert conn.status == psutil.CONN_NONE
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="serial")
+class TestConnectedSocket(ConnectionTestCase):
+    """Test socket pairs which are actually connected to
+    each other.
+    """
+
+    # On SunOS, even after we close() it, the server socket stays around
+    # in TIME_WAIT state.
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(SUNOS, reason="unreliable on SUONS")
+    def test_tcp(self):
+        addr = ("127.0.0.1", 0)
+        assert this_proc_net_connections(kind='tcp4') == []
+        server, client = tcp_socketpair(AF_INET, addr=addr)
+        try:
+            cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='tcp4')
+            assert len(cons) == 2
+            assert cons[0].status == psutil.CONN_ESTABLISHED
+            assert cons[1].status == psutil.CONN_ESTABLISHED
+            # May not be fast enough to change state so it stays
+            # commenteed.
+            # client.close()
+            # cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='all')
+            # self.assertEqual(len(cons), 1)
+            # self.assertEqual(cons[0].status, psutil.CONN_CLOSE_WAIT)
+        finally:
+            server.close()
+            client.close()
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    def test_unix(self):
+        testfn = self.get_testfn()
+        server, client = unix_socketpair(testfn)
+        try:
+            cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='unix')
+            assert not (cons[0].laddr and cons[0].raddr), cons
+            assert not (cons[1].laddr and cons[1].raddr), cons
+            if NETBSD or FREEBSD:
+                # On NetBSD creating a UNIX socket will cause
+                # a UNIX connection to  /var/run/log.
+                cons = [c for c in cons if c.raddr != '/var/run/log']
+            assert len(cons) == 2
+            if LINUX or FREEBSD or SUNOS or OPENBSD:
+                # remote path is never set
+                assert cons[0].raddr == ""  # noqa
+                assert cons[1].raddr == ""  # noqa
+                # one local address should though
+                assert testfn == (cons[0].laddr or cons[1].laddr)
+            else:
+                # On other systems either the laddr or raddr
+                # of both peers are set.
+                assert (cons[0].laddr or cons[1].laddr) == testfn
+        finally:
+            server.close()
+            client.close()
+
+
+class TestFilters(ConnectionTestCase):
+    def test_filters(self):
+        def check(kind, families, types):
+            for conn in this_proc_net_connections(kind=kind):
+                assert conn.family in families
+                assert conn.type in types
+            if not SKIP_SYSCONS:
+                for conn in psutil.net_connections(kind=kind):
+                    assert conn.family in families
+                    assert conn.type in types
+
+        with create_sockets():
+            check(
+                'all',
+                [AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_UNIX],
+                [SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_SEQPACKET],
+            )
+            check('inet', [AF_INET, AF_INET6], [SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM])
+            check('inet4', [AF_INET], [SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM])
+            check('tcp', [AF_INET, AF_INET6], [SOCK_STREAM])
+            check('tcp4', [AF_INET], [SOCK_STREAM])
+            check('tcp6', [AF_INET6], [SOCK_STREAM])
+            check('udp', [AF_INET, AF_INET6], [SOCK_DGRAM])
+            check('udp4', [AF_INET], [SOCK_DGRAM])
+            check('udp6', [AF_INET6], [SOCK_DGRAM])
+            if HAS_NET_CONNECTIONS_UNIX:
+                check(
+                    'unix',
+                    [AF_UNIX],
+                    [SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_SEQPACKET],
+                )
+
+    @skip_on_access_denied(only_if=MACOS)
+    def test_combos(self):
+        reap_children()
+
+        def check_conn(proc, conn, family, type, laddr, raddr, status, kinds):
+            all_kinds = (
+                "all",
+                "inet",
+                "inet4",
+                "inet6",
+                "tcp",
+                "tcp4",
+                "tcp6",
+                "udp",
+                "udp4",
+                "udp6",
+            )
+            check_connection_ntuple(conn)
+            assert conn.family == family
+            assert conn.type == type
+            assert conn.laddr == laddr
+            assert conn.raddr == raddr
+            assert conn.status == status
+            for kind in all_kinds:
+                cons = proc.net_connections(kind=kind)
+                if kind in kinds:
+                    assert cons != []
+                else:
+                    assert cons == []
+            # compare against system-wide connections
+            # XXX Solaris can't retrieve system-wide UNIX
+            # sockets.
+            if HAS_NET_CONNECTIONS_UNIX:
+                self.compare_procsys_connections(proc.pid, [conn])
+
+        tcp_template = textwrap.dedent("""
+            import socket, time
+            s = socket.socket({family}, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+            s.bind(('{addr}', 0))
+            s.listen(5)
+            with open('{testfn}', 'w') as f:
+                f.write(str(s.getsockname()[:2]))
+            [time.sleep(0.1) for x in range(100)]
+            """)
+
+        udp_template = textwrap.dedent("""
+            import socket, time
+            s = socket.socket({family}, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+            s.bind(('{addr}', 0))
+            with open('{testfn}', 'w') as f:
+                f.write(str(s.getsockname()[:2]))
+            [time.sleep(0.1) for x in range(100)]
+            """)
+
+        # must be relative on Windows
+        testfile = os.path.basename(self.get_testfn(dir=os.getcwd()))
+        tcp4_template = tcp_template.format(
+            family=int(AF_INET), addr="127.0.0.1", testfn=testfile
+        )
+        udp4_template = udp_template.format(
+            family=int(AF_INET), addr="127.0.0.1", testfn=testfile
+        )
+        tcp6_template = tcp_template.format(
+            family=int(AF_INET6), addr="::1", testfn=testfile
+        )
+        udp6_template = udp_template.format(
+            family=int(AF_INET6), addr="::1", testfn=testfile
+        )
+
+        # launch various subprocess instantiating a socket of various
+        # families and types to enrich psutil results
+        tcp4_proc = self.pyrun(tcp4_template)
+        tcp4_addr = eval(wait_for_file(testfile, delete=True))  # noqa
+        udp4_proc = self.pyrun(udp4_template)
+        udp4_addr = eval(wait_for_file(testfile, delete=True))  # noqa
+        if supports_ipv6():
+            tcp6_proc = self.pyrun(tcp6_template)
+            tcp6_addr = eval(wait_for_file(testfile, delete=True))  # noqa
+            udp6_proc = self.pyrun(udp6_template)
+            udp6_addr = eval(wait_for_file(testfile, delete=True))  # noqa
+        else:
+            tcp6_proc = None
+            udp6_proc = None
+            tcp6_addr = None
+            udp6_addr = None
+
+        for p in psutil.Process().children():
+            cons = p.net_connections()
+            assert len(cons) == 1
+            for conn in cons:
+                # TCP v4
+                if p.pid == tcp4_proc.pid:
+                    check_conn(
+                        p,
+                        conn,
+                        AF_INET,
+                        SOCK_STREAM,
+                        tcp4_addr,
+                        (),
+                        psutil.CONN_LISTEN,
+                        ("all", "inet", "inet4", "tcp", "tcp4"),
+                    )
+                # UDP v4
+                elif p.pid == udp4_proc.pid:
+                    check_conn(
+                        p,
+                        conn,
+                        AF_INET,
+                        SOCK_DGRAM,
+                        udp4_addr,
+                        (),
+                        psutil.CONN_NONE,
+                        ("all", "inet", "inet4", "udp", "udp4"),
+                    )
+                # TCP v6
+                elif p.pid == getattr(tcp6_proc, "pid", None):
+                    check_conn(
+                        p,
+                        conn,
+                        AF_INET6,
+                        SOCK_STREAM,
+                        tcp6_addr,
+                        (),
+                        psutil.CONN_LISTEN,
+                        ("all", "inet", "inet6", "tcp", "tcp6"),
+                    )
+                # UDP v6
+                elif p.pid == getattr(udp6_proc, "pid", None):
+                    check_conn(
+                        p,
+                        conn,
+                        AF_INET6,
+                        SOCK_DGRAM,
+                        udp6_addr,
+                        (),
+                        psutil.CONN_NONE,
+                        ("all", "inet", "inet6", "udp", "udp6"),
+                    )
+
+    def test_count(self):
+        with create_sockets():
+            # tcp
+            cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='tcp')
+            assert len(cons) == (2 if supports_ipv6() else 1)
+            for conn in cons:
+                assert conn.family in (AF_INET, AF_INET6)
+                assert conn.type == SOCK_STREAM
+            # tcp4
+            cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='tcp4')
+            assert len(cons) == 1
+            assert cons[0].family == AF_INET
+            assert cons[0].type == SOCK_STREAM
+            # tcp6
+            if supports_ipv6():
+                cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='tcp6')
+                assert len(cons) == 1
+                assert cons[0].family == AF_INET6
+                assert cons[0].type == SOCK_STREAM
+            # udp
+            cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='udp')
+            assert len(cons) == (2 if supports_ipv6() else 1)
+            for conn in cons:
+                assert conn.family in (AF_INET, AF_INET6)
+                assert conn.type == SOCK_DGRAM
+            # udp4
+            cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='udp4')
+            assert len(cons) == 1
+            assert cons[0].family == AF_INET
+            assert cons[0].type == SOCK_DGRAM
+            # udp6
+            if supports_ipv6():
+                cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='udp6')
+                assert len(cons) == 1
+                assert cons[0].family == AF_INET6
+                assert cons[0].type == SOCK_DGRAM
+            # inet
+            cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='inet')
+            assert len(cons) == (4 if supports_ipv6() else 2)
+            for conn in cons:
+                assert conn.family in (AF_INET, AF_INET6)
+                assert conn.type in (SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM)
+            # inet6
+            if supports_ipv6():
+                cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='inet6')
+                assert len(cons) == 2
+                for conn in cons:
+                    assert conn.family == AF_INET6
+                    assert conn.type in (SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM)
+            # Skipped on BSD becayse by default the Python process
+            # creates a UNIX socket to '/var/run/log'.
+            if HAS_NET_CONNECTIONS_UNIX and not (FREEBSD or NETBSD):
+                cons = this_proc_net_connections(kind='unix')
+                assert len(cons) == 3
+                for conn in cons:
+                    assert conn.family == AF_UNIX
+                    assert conn.type in (SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(SKIP_SYSCONS, reason="requires root")
+class TestSystemWideConnections(ConnectionTestCase):
+    """Tests for net_connections()."""
+
+    def test_it(self):
+        def check(cons, families, types_):
+            for conn in cons:
+                assert conn.family in families
+                if conn.family != AF_UNIX:
+                    assert conn.type in types_
+                check_connection_ntuple(conn)
+
+        with create_sockets():
+            from psutil._common import conn_tmap
+
+            for kind, groups in conn_tmap.items():
+                # XXX: SunOS does not retrieve UNIX sockets.
+                if kind == 'unix' and not HAS_NET_CONNECTIONS_UNIX:
+                    continue
+                families, types_ = groups
+                cons = psutil.net_connections(kind)
+                assert len(cons) == len(set(cons))
+                check(cons, families, types_)
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_multi_sockets_procs(self):
+        # Creates multiple sub processes, each creating different
+        # sockets. For each process check that proc.net_connections()
+        # and psutil.net_connections() return the same results.
+        # This is done mainly to check whether net_connections()'s
+        # pid is properly set, see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1013
+        with create_sockets() as socks:
+            expected = len(socks)
+        pids = []
+        times = 10
+        fnames = []
+        for _ in range(times):
+            fname = self.get_testfn()
+            fnames.append(fname)
+            src = textwrap.dedent("""\
+                import time, os
+                from psutil.tests import create_sockets
+                with create_sockets():
+                    with open(r'%s', 'w') as f:
+                        f.write("hello")
+                    [time.sleep(0.1) for x in range(100)]
+                """ % fname)
+            sproc = self.pyrun(src)
+            pids.append(sproc.pid)
+
+        # sync
+        for fname in fnames:
+            wait_for_file(fname)
+
+        syscons = [
+            x for x in psutil.net_connections(kind='all') if x.pid in pids
+        ]
+        for pid in pids:
+            assert len([x for x in syscons if x.pid == pid]) == expected
+            p = psutil.Process(pid)
+            assert len(p.net_connections('all')) == expected
+
+
+class TestMisc(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_net_connection_constants(self):
+        ints = []
+        strs = []
+        for name in dir(psutil):
+            if name.startswith('CONN_'):
+                num = getattr(psutil, name)
+                str_ = str(num)
+                assert str_.isupper(), str_
+                assert str not in strs
+                assert num not in ints
+                ints.append(num)
+                strs.append(str_)
+        if SUNOS:
+            psutil.CONN_IDLE  # noqa
+            psutil.CONN_BOUND  # noqa
+        if WINDOWS:
+            psutil.CONN_DELETE_TCB  # noqa

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_contracts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Contracts tests. These tests mainly check API sanity in terms of
+returned types and APIs availability.
+Some of these are duplicates of tests test_system.py and test_process.py.
+"""
+
+import platform
+import signal
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import AIX
+from psutil import FREEBSD
+from psutil import LINUX
+from psutil import MACOS
+from psutil import NETBSD
+from psutil import OPENBSD
+from psutil import POSIX
+from psutil import SUNOS
+from psutil import WINDOWS
+from psutil._compat import long
+from psutil.tests import GITHUB_ACTIONS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_CPU_FREQ
+from psutil.tests import HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_SENSORS_FANS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_SENSORS_TEMPERATURES
+from psutil.tests import PYPY
+from psutil.tests import QEMU_USER
+from psutil.tests import SKIP_SYSCONS
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import create_sockets
+from psutil.tests import enum
+from psutil.tests import is_namedtuple
+from psutil.tests import kernel_version
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- APIs availability
+# ===================================================================
+
+# Make sure code reflects what doc promises in terms of APIs
+# availability.
+
+
+class TestAvailConstantsAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_PROCFS_PATH(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil, "PROCFS_PATH") == (LINUX or SUNOS or AIX)
+
+    def test_win_priority(self):
+        ae = self.assertEqual
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS"), WINDOWS)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS"), WINDOWS)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS"), WINDOWS)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS"), WINDOWS)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS"), WINDOWS)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS"), WINDOWS)
+
+    def test_linux_ioprio_linux(self):
+        ae = self.assertEqual
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE"), LINUX)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "IOPRIO_CLASS_RT"), LINUX)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "IOPRIO_CLASS_BE"), LINUX)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE"), LINUX)
+
+    def test_linux_ioprio_windows(self):
+        ae = self.assertEqual
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "IOPRIO_HIGH"), WINDOWS)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "IOPRIO_NORMAL"), WINDOWS)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "IOPRIO_LOW"), WINDOWS)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "IOPRIO_VERYLOW"), WINDOWS)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        GITHUB_ACTIONS and LINUX,
+        reason="unsupported on GITHUB_ACTIONS + LINUX",
+    )
+    def test_rlimit(self):
+        ae = self.assertEqual
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIM_INFINITY"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_AS"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_CORE"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_CPU"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_DATA"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_FSIZE"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_MEMLOCK"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_NOFILE"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_NPROC"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_RSS"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_STACK"), LINUX or FREEBSD)
+
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_LOCKS"), LINUX)
+        if POSIX:
+            if kernel_version() >= (2, 6, 8):
+                ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE"), LINUX)
+            if kernel_version() >= (2, 6, 12):
+                ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_NICE"), LINUX)
+            if kernel_version() >= (2, 6, 12):
+                ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_RTPRIO"), LINUX)
+            if kernel_version() >= (2, 6, 25):
+                ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_RTTIME"), LINUX)
+            if kernel_version() >= (2, 6, 8):
+                ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_SIGPENDING"), LINUX)
+
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_SWAP"), FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_SBSIZE"), FREEBSD)
+        ae(hasattr(psutil, "RLIMIT_NPTS"), FREEBSD)
+
+
+class TestAvailSystemAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_win_service_iter(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil, "win_service_iter") == WINDOWS
+
+    def test_win_service_get(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil, "win_service_get") == WINDOWS
+
+    def test_cpu_freq(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil, "cpu_freq") == (
+            LINUX or MACOS or WINDOWS or FREEBSD or OPENBSD
+        )
+
+    def test_sensors_temperatures(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil, "sensors_temperatures") == (LINUX or FREEBSD)
+
+    def test_sensors_fans(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil, "sensors_fans") == LINUX
+
+    def test_battery(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil, "sensors_battery") == (
+            LINUX or WINDOWS or FREEBSD or MACOS
+        )
+
+
+class TestAvailProcessAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_environ(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil.Process, "environ") == (
+            LINUX
+            or MACOS
+            or WINDOWS
+            or AIX
+            or SUNOS
+            or FREEBSD
+            or OPENBSD
+            or NETBSD
+        )
+
+    def test_uids(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil.Process, "uids") == POSIX
+
+    def test_gids(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil.Process, "uids") == POSIX
+
+    def test_terminal(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil.Process, "terminal") == POSIX
+
+    def test_ionice(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil.Process, "ionice") == (LINUX or WINDOWS)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        GITHUB_ACTIONS and LINUX,
+        reason="unsupported on GITHUB_ACTIONS + LINUX",
+    )
+    def test_rlimit(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil.Process, "rlimit") == (LINUX or FREEBSD)
+
+    def test_io_counters(self):
+        hasit = hasattr(psutil.Process, "io_counters")
+        assert hasit == (not (MACOS or SUNOS))
+
+    def test_num_fds(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil.Process, "num_fds") == POSIX
+
+    def test_num_handles(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil.Process, "num_handles") == WINDOWS
+
+    def test_cpu_affinity(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil.Process, "cpu_affinity") == (
+            LINUX or WINDOWS or FREEBSD
+        )
+
+    def test_cpu_num(self):
+        assert hasattr(psutil.Process, "cpu_num") == (
+            LINUX or FREEBSD or SUNOS
+        )
+
+    def test_memory_maps(self):
+        hasit = hasattr(psutil.Process, "memory_maps")
+        assert hasit == (not (OPENBSD or NETBSD or AIX or MACOS))
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- API types
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class TestSystemAPITypes(PsutilTestCase):
+    """Check the return types of system related APIs.
+    Mainly we want to test we never return unicode on Python 2, see:
+    https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1039.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        cls.proc = psutil.Process()
+
+    def assert_ntuple_of_nums(self, nt, type_=float, gezero=True):
+        assert is_namedtuple(nt)
+        for n in nt:
+            assert isinstance(n, type_)
+            if gezero:
+                assert n >= 0
+
+    def test_cpu_times(self):
+        self.assert_ntuple_of_nums(psutil.cpu_times())
+        for nt in psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True):
+            self.assert_ntuple_of_nums(nt)
+
+    def test_cpu_percent(self):
+        assert isinstance(psutil.cpu_percent(interval=None), float)
+        assert isinstance(psutil.cpu_percent(interval=0.00001), float)
+
+    def test_cpu_times_percent(self):
+        self.assert_ntuple_of_nums(psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=None))
+        self.assert_ntuple_of_nums(psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=0.0001))
+
+    def test_cpu_count(self):
+        assert isinstance(psutil.cpu_count(), int)
+
+    # TODO: remove this once 1892 is fixed
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        MACOS and platform.machine() == 'arm64', reason="skipped due to #1892"
+    )
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_CPU_FREQ, reason="not supported")
+    def test_cpu_freq(self):
+        if psutil.cpu_freq() is None:
+            raise pytest.skip("cpu_freq() returns None")
+        self.assert_ntuple_of_nums(psutil.cpu_freq(), type_=(float, int, long))
+
+    def test_disk_io_counters(self):
+        # Duplicate of test_system.py. Keep it anyway.
+        for k, v in psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=True).items():
+            assert isinstance(k, str)
+            self.assert_ntuple_of_nums(v, type_=(int, long))
+
+    def test_disk_partitions(self):
+        # Duplicate of test_system.py. Keep it anyway.
+        for disk in psutil.disk_partitions():
+            assert isinstance(disk.device, str)
+            assert isinstance(disk.mountpoint, str)
+            assert isinstance(disk.fstype, str)
+            assert isinstance(disk.opts, str)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(SKIP_SYSCONS, reason="requires root")
+    def test_net_connections(self):
+        with create_sockets():
+            ret = psutil.net_connections('all')
+            assert len(ret) == len(set(ret))
+            for conn in ret:
+                assert is_namedtuple(conn)
+
+    def test_net_if_addrs(self):
+        # Duplicate of test_system.py. Keep it anyway.
+        for ifname, addrs in psutil.net_if_addrs().items():
+            assert isinstance(ifname, str)
+            for addr in addrs:
+                if enum is not None and not PYPY:
+                    assert isinstance(addr.family, enum.IntEnum)
+                else:
+                    assert isinstance(addr.family, int)
+                assert isinstance(addr.address, str)
+                assert isinstance(addr.netmask, (str, type(None)))
+                assert isinstance(addr.broadcast, (str, type(None)))
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(QEMU_USER, reason="QEMU user not supported")
+    def test_net_if_stats(self):
+        # Duplicate of test_system.py. Keep it anyway.
+        for ifname, info in psutil.net_if_stats().items():
+            assert isinstance(ifname, str)
+            assert isinstance(info.isup, bool)
+            if enum is not None:
+                assert isinstance(info.duplex, enum.IntEnum)
+            else:
+                assert isinstance(info.duplex, int)
+            assert isinstance(info.speed, int)
+            assert isinstance(info.mtu, int)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS, reason="not supported")
+    def test_net_io_counters(self):
+        # Duplicate of test_system.py. Keep it anyway.
+        for ifname in psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True):
+            assert isinstance(ifname, str)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_SENSORS_FANS, reason="not supported")
+    def test_sensors_fans(self):
+        # Duplicate of test_system.py. Keep it anyway.
+        for name, units in psutil.sensors_fans().items():
+            assert isinstance(name, str)
+            for unit in units:
+                assert isinstance(unit.label, str)
+                assert isinstance(unit.current, (float, int, type(None)))
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_SENSORS_TEMPERATURES, reason="not supported")
+    def test_sensors_temperatures(self):
+        # Duplicate of test_system.py. Keep it anyway.
+        for name, units in psutil.sensors_temperatures().items():
+            assert isinstance(name, str)
+            for unit in units:
+                assert isinstance(unit.label, str)
+                assert isinstance(unit.current, (float, int, type(None)))
+                assert isinstance(unit.high, (float, int, type(None)))
+                assert isinstance(unit.critical, (float, int, type(None)))
+
+    def test_boot_time(self):
+        # Duplicate of test_system.py. Keep it anyway.
+        assert isinstance(psutil.boot_time(), float)
+
+    def test_users(self):
+        # Duplicate of test_system.py. Keep it anyway.
+        for user in psutil.users():
+            assert isinstance(user.name, str)
+            assert isinstance(user.terminal, (str, type(None)))
+            assert isinstance(user.host, (str, type(None)))
+            assert isinstance(user.pid, (int, type(None)))
+
+
+class TestProcessWaitType(PsutilTestCase):
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="not POSIX")
+    def test_negative_signal(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(self.spawn_testproc().pid)
+        p.terminate()
+        code = p.wait()
+        assert code == -signal.SIGTERM
+        if enum is not None:
+            assert isinstance(code, enum.IntEnum)
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(code, int)

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_memleaks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,493 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Tests for detecting function memory leaks (typically the ones
+implemented in C). It does so by calling a function many times and
+checking whether process memory usage keeps increasing between
+calls or over time.
+Note that this may produce false positives (especially on Windows
+for some reason).
+PyPy appears to be completely unstable for this framework, probably
+because of how its JIT handles memory, so tests are skipped.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import functools
+import os
+import platform
+
+import psutil
+import psutil._common
+from psutil import LINUX
+from psutil import MACOS
+from psutil import OPENBSD
+from psutil import POSIX
+from psutil import SUNOS
+from psutil import WINDOWS
+from psutil._compat import ProcessLookupError
+from psutil._compat import super
+from psutil.tests import HAS_CPU_AFFINITY
+from psutil.tests import HAS_CPU_FREQ
+from psutil.tests import HAS_ENVIRON
+from psutil.tests import HAS_IONICE
+from psutil.tests import HAS_MEMORY_MAPS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_PROC_CPU_NUM
+from psutil.tests import HAS_PROC_IO_COUNTERS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_RLIMIT
+from psutil.tests import HAS_SENSORS_BATTERY
+from psutil.tests import HAS_SENSORS_FANS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_SENSORS_TEMPERATURES
+from psutil.tests import QEMU_USER
+from psutil.tests import TestMemoryLeak
+from psutil.tests import create_sockets
+from psutil.tests import get_testfn
+from psutil.tests import process_namespace
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import skip_on_access_denied
+from psutil.tests import spawn_testproc
+from psutil.tests import system_namespace
+from psutil.tests import terminate
+
+
+cext = psutil._psplatform.cext
+thisproc = psutil.Process()
+FEW_TIMES = 5
+
+
+def fewtimes_if_linux():
+    """Decorator for those Linux functions which are implemented in pure
+    Python, and which we want to run faster.
+    """
+
+    def decorator(fun):
+        @functools.wraps(fun)
+        def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            if LINUX:
+                before = self.__class__.times
+                try:
+                    self.__class__.times = FEW_TIMES
+                    return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
+                finally:
+                    self.__class__.times = before
+            else:
+                return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        return wrapper
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# Process class
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class TestProcessObjectLeaks(TestMemoryLeak):
+    """Test leaks of Process class methods."""
+
+    proc = thisproc
+
+    def test_coverage(self):
+        ns = process_namespace(None)
+        ns.test_class_coverage(self, ns.getters + ns.setters)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_name(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.name)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_cmdline(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.cmdline)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_exe(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.exe)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_ppid(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.ppid)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_uids(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.uids)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_gids(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.gids)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_status(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.status)
+
+    def test_nice(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.nice)
+
+    def test_nice_set(self):
+        niceness = thisproc.nice()
+        self.execute(lambda: self.proc.nice(niceness))
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_IONICE, reason="not supported")
+    def test_ionice(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.ionice)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_IONICE, reason="not supported")
+    def test_ionice_set(self):
+        if WINDOWS:
+            value = thisproc.ionice()
+            self.execute(lambda: self.proc.ionice(value))
+        else:
+            self.execute(lambda: self.proc.ionice(psutil.IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE))
+            fun = functools.partial(cext.proc_ioprio_set, os.getpid(), -1, 0)
+            self.execute_w_exc(OSError, fun)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_PROC_IO_COUNTERS, reason="not supported")
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_io_counters(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.io_counters)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(POSIX, reason="worthless on POSIX")
+    def test_username(self):
+        # always open 1 handle on Windows (only once)
+        psutil.Process().username()
+        self.execute(self.proc.username)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_create_time(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.create_time)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    @skip_on_access_denied(only_if=OPENBSD)
+    def test_num_threads(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.num_threads)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not WINDOWS, reason="WINDOWS only")
+    def test_num_handles(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.num_handles)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_num_fds(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.num_fds)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_num_ctx_switches(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.num_ctx_switches)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    @skip_on_access_denied(only_if=OPENBSD)
+    def test_threads(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.threads)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_cpu_times(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.cpu_times)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_PROC_CPU_NUM, reason="not supported")
+    def test_cpu_num(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.cpu_num)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_memory_info(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.memory_info)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_memory_full_info(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.memory_full_info)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_terminal(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.terminal)
+
+    def test_resume(self):
+        times = FEW_TIMES if POSIX else self.times
+        self.execute(self.proc.resume, times=times)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_cwd(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.cwd)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_CPU_AFFINITY, reason="not supported")
+    def test_cpu_affinity(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.cpu_affinity)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_CPU_AFFINITY, reason="not supported")
+    def test_cpu_affinity_set(self):
+        affinity = thisproc.cpu_affinity()
+        self.execute(lambda: self.proc.cpu_affinity(affinity))
+        self.execute_w_exc(ValueError, lambda: self.proc.cpu_affinity([-1]))
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_open_files(self):
+        with open(get_testfn(), 'w'):
+            self.execute(self.proc.open_files)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_MEMORY_MAPS, reason="not supported")
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_memory_maps(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.memory_maps)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not LINUX, reason="LINUX only")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_RLIMIT, reason="not supported")
+    def test_rlimit(self):
+        self.execute(lambda: self.proc.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE))
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not LINUX, reason="LINUX only")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_RLIMIT, reason="not supported")
+    def test_rlimit_set(self):
+        limit = thisproc.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE)
+        self.execute(lambda: self.proc.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE, limit))
+        self.execute_w_exc((OSError, ValueError), lambda: self.proc.rlimit(-1))
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    # Windows implementation is based on a single system-wide
+    # function (tested later).
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(WINDOWS, reason="worthless on WINDOWS")
+    def test_net_connections(self):
+        # TODO: UNIX sockets are temporarily implemented by parsing
+        # 'pfiles' cmd  output; we don't want that part of the code to
+        # be executed.
+        with create_sockets():
+            kind = 'inet' if SUNOS else 'all'
+            self.execute(lambda: self.proc.net_connections(kind))
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_ENVIRON, reason="not supported")
+    def test_environ(self):
+        self.execute(self.proc.environ)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not WINDOWS, reason="WINDOWS only")
+    def test_proc_info(self):
+        self.execute(lambda: cext.proc_info(os.getpid()))
+
+
+class TestTerminatedProcessLeaks(TestProcessObjectLeaks):
+    """Repeat the tests above looking for leaks occurring when dealing
+    with terminated processes raising NoSuchProcess exception.
+    The C functions are still invoked but will follow different code
+    paths. We'll check those code paths.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        super().setUpClass()
+        cls.subp = spawn_testproc()
+        cls.proc = psutil.Process(cls.subp.pid)
+        cls.proc.kill()
+        cls.proc.wait()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        super().tearDownClass()
+        terminate(cls.subp)
+
+    def call(self, fun):
+        try:
+            fun()
+        except psutil.NoSuchProcess:
+            pass
+
+    if WINDOWS:
+
+        def test_kill(self):
+            self.execute(self.proc.kill)
+
+        def test_terminate(self):
+            self.execute(self.proc.terminate)
+
+        def test_suspend(self):
+            self.execute(self.proc.suspend)
+
+        def test_resume(self):
+            self.execute(self.proc.resume)
+
+        def test_wait(self):
+            self.execute(self.proc.wait)
+
+        def test_proc_info(self):
+            # test dual implementation
+            def call():
+                try:
+                    return cext.proc_info(self.proc.pid)
+                except ProcessLookupError:
+                    pass
+
+            self.execute(call)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not WINDOWS, reason="WINDOWS only")
+class TestProcessDualImplementation(TestMemoryLeak):
+    def test_cmdline_peb_true(self):
+        self.execute(lambda: cext.proc_cmdline(os.getpid(), use_peb=True))
+
+    def test_cmdline_peb_false(self):
+        self.execute(lambda: cext.proc_cmdline(os.getpid(), use_peb=False))
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# system APIs
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class TestModuleFunctionsLeaks(TestMemoryLeak):
+    """Test leaks of psutil module functions."""
+
+    def test_coverage(self):
+        ns = system_namespace()
+        ns.test_class_coverage(self, ns.all)
+
+    # --- cpu
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_cpu_count(self):  # logical
+        self.execute(lambda: psutil.cpu_count(logical=True))
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_cpu_count_cores(self):
+        self.execute(lambda: psutil.cpu_count(logical=False))
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_cpu_times(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.cpu_times)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_per_cpu_times(self):
+        self.execute(lambda: psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True))
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_cpu_stats(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.cpu_stats)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    # TODO: remove this once 1892 is fixed
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        MACOS and platform.machine() == 'arm64', reason="skipped due to #1892"
+    )
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_CPU_FREQ, reason="not supported")
+    def test_cpu_freq(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.cpu_freq)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not WINDOWS, reason="WINDOWS only")
+    def test_getloadavg(self):
+        psutil.getloadavg()
+        self.execute(psutil.getloadavg)
+
+    # --- mem
+
+    def test_virtual_memory(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.virtual_memory)
+
+    # TODO: remove this skip when this gets fixed
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(SUNOS, reason="worthless on SUNOS (uses a subprocess)")
+    def test_swap_memory(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.swap_memory)
+
+    def test_pid_exists(self):
+        times = FEW_TIMES if POSIX else self.times
+        self.execute(lambda: psutil.pid_exists(os.getpid()), times=times)
+
+    # --- disk
+
+    def test_disk_usage(self):
+        times = FEW_TIMES if POSIX else self.times
+        self.execute(lambda: psutil.disk_usage('.'), times=times)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(QEMU_USER, reason="QEMU user not supported")
+    def test_disk_partitions(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.disk_partitions)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        LINUX and not os.path.exists('/proc/diskstats'),
+        reason="/proc/diskstats not available on this Linux version",
+    )
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_disk_io_counters(self):
+        self.execute(lambda: psutil.disk_io_counters(nowrap=False))
+
+    # --- proc
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_pids(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.pids)
+
+    # --- net
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS, reason="not supported")
+    def test_net_io_counters(self):
+        self.execute(lambda: psutil.net_io_counters(nowrap=False))
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(MACOS and os.getuid() != 0, reason="need root access")
+    def test_net_connections(self):
+        # always opens and handle on Windows() (once)
+        psutil.net_connections(kind='all')
+        with create_sockets():
+            self.execute(lambda: psutil.net_connections(kind='all'))
+
+    def test_net_if_addrs(self):
+        # Note: verified that on Windows this was a false positive.
+        tolerance = 80 * 1024 if WINDOWS else self.tolerance
+        self.execute(psutil.net_if_addrs, tolerance=tolerance)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(QEMU_USER, reason="QEMU user not supported")
+    def test_net_if_stats(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.net_if_stats)
+
+    # --- sensors
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_SENSORS_BATTERY, reason="not supported")
+    def test_sensors_battery(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.sensors_battery)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_SENSORS_TEMPERATURES, reason="not supported")
+    def test_sensors_temperatures(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.sensors_temperatures)
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_SENSORS_FANS, reason="not supported")
+    def test_sensors_fans(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.sensors_fans)
+
+    # --- others
+
+    @fewtimes_if_linux()
+    def test_boot_time(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.boot_time)
+
+    def test_users(self):
+        self.execute(psutil.users)
+
+    def test_set_debug(self):
+        self.execute(lambda: psutil._set_debug(False))
+
+    if WINDOWS:
+
+        # --- win services
+
+        def test_win_service_iter(self):
+            self.execute(cext.winservice_enumerate)
+
+        def test_win_service_get(self):
+            pass
+
+        def test_win_service_get_config(self):
+            name = next(psutil.win_service_iter()).name()
+            self.execute(lambda: cext.winservice_query_config(name))
+
+        def test_win_service_get_status(self):
+            name = next(psutil.win_service_iter()).name()
+            self.execute(lambda: cext.winservice_query_status(name))
+
+        def test_win_service_get_description(self):
+            name = next(psutil.win_service_iter()).name()
+            self.execute(lambda: cext.winservice_query_descr(name))

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_osx.py

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""macOS specific tests."""
+
+import platform
+import re
+import time
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import MACOS
+from psutil import POSIX
+from psutil.tests import HAS_BATTERY
+from psutil.tests import TOLERANCE_DISK_USAGE
+from psutil.tests import TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import retry_on_failure
+from psutil.tests import sh
+from psutil.tests import spawn_testproc
+from psutil.tests import terminate
+
+
+if POSIX:
+    from psutil._psutil_posix import getpagesize
+
+
+def sysctl(cmdline):
+    """Expects a sysctl command with an argument and parse the result
+    returning only the value of interest.
+    """
+    out = sh(cmdline)
+    result = out.split()[1]
+    try:
+        return int(result)
+    except ValueError:
+        return result
+
+
+def vm_stat(field):
+    """Wrapper around 'vm_stat' cmdline utility."""
+    out = sh('vm_stat')
+    for line in out.split('\n'):
+        if field in line:
+            break
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("line not found")
+    return int(re.search(r'\d+', line).group(0)) * getpagesize()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not MACOS, reason="MACOS only")
+class TestProcess(PsutilTestCase):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        cls.pid = spawn_testproc().pid
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        terminate(cls.pid)
+
+    def test_process_create_time(self):
+        output = sh("ps -o lstart -p %s" % self.pid)
+        start_ps = output.replace('STARTED', '').strip()
+        hhmmss = start_ps.split(' ')[-2]
+        year = start_ps.split(' ')[-1]
+        start_psutil = psutil.Process(self.pid).create_time()
+        assert hhmmss == time.strftime(
+            "%H:%M:%S", time.localtime(start_psutil)
+        )
+        assert year == time.strftime("%Y", time.localtime(start_psutil))
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not MACOS, reason="MACOS only")
+class TestSystemAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+
+    # --- disk
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_disks(self):
+        # test psutil.disk_usage() and psutil.disk_partitions()
+        # against "df -a"
+        def df(path):
+            out = sh('df -k "%s"' % path).strip()
+            lines = out.split('\n')
+            lines.pop(0)
+            line = lines.pop(0)
+            dev, total, used, free = line.split()[:4]
+            if dev == 'none':
+                dev = ''
+            total = int(total) * 1024
+            used = int(used) * 1024
+            free = int(free) * 1024
+            return dev, total, used, free
+
+        for part in psutil.disk_partitions(all=False):
+            usage = psutil.disk_usage(part.mountpoint)
+            dev, total, used, free = df(part.mountpoint)
+            assert part.device == dev
+            assert usage.total == total
+            assert abs(usage.free - free) < TOLERANCE_DISK_USAGE
+            assert abs(usage.used - used) < TOLERANCE_DISK_USAGE
+
+    # --- cpu
+
+    def test_cpu_count_logical(self):
+        num = sysctl("sysctl hw.logicalcpu")
+        assert num == psutil.cpu_count(logical=True)
+
+    def test_cpu_count_cores(self):
+        num = sysctl("sysctl hw.physicalcpu")
+        assert num == psutil.cpu_count(logical=False)
+
+    # TODO: remove this once 1892 is fixed
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        MACOS and platform.machine() == 'arm64', reason="skipped due to #1892"
+    )
+    def test_cpu_freq(self):
+        freq = psutil.cpu_freq()
+        assert freq.current * 1000 * 1000 == sysctl("sysctl hw.cpufrequency")
+        assert freq.min * 1000 * 1000 == sysctl("sysctl hw.cpufrequency_min")
+        assert freq.max * 1000 * 1000 == sysctl("sysctl hw.cpufrequency_max")
+
+    # --- virtual mem
+
+    def test_vmem_total(self):
+        sysctl_hwphymem = sysctl('sysctl hw.memsize')
+        assert sysctl_hwphymem == psutil.virtual_memory().total
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vmem_free(self):
+        vmstat_val = vm_stat("free")
+        psutil_val = psutil.virtual_memory().free
+        assert abs(psutil_val - vmstat_val) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vmem_active(self):
+        vmstat_val = vm_stat("active")
+        psutil_val = psutil.virtual_memory().active
+        assert abs(psutil_val - vmstat_val) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vmem_inactive(self):
+        vmstat_val = vm_stat("inactive")
+        psutil_val = psutil.virtual_memory().inactive
+        assert abs(psutil_val - vmstat_val) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vmem_wired(self):
+        vmstat_val = vm_stat("wired")
+        psutil_val = psutil.virtual_memory().wired
+        assert abs(psutil_val - vmstat_val) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    # --- swap mem
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_swapmem_sin(self):
+        vmstat_val = vm_stat("Pageins")
+        psutil_val = psutil.swap_memory().sin
+        assert abs(psutil_val - vmstat_val) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_swapmem_sout(self):
+        vmstat_val = vm_stat("Pageout")
+        psutil_val = psutil.swap_memory().sout
+        assert abs(psutil_val - vmstat_val) < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+
+    # --- network
+
+    def test_net_if_stats(self):
+        for name, stats in psutil.net_if_stats().items():
+            try:
+                out = sh("ifconfig %s" % name)
+            except RuntimeError:
+                pass
+            else:
+                assert stats.isup == ('RUNNING' in out), out
+                assert stats.mtu == int(re.findall(r'mtu (\d+)', out)[0])
+
+    # --- sensors_battery
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_BATTERY, reason="no battery")
+    def test_sensors_battery(self):
+        out = sh("pmset -g batt")
+        percent = re.search(r"(\d+)%", out).group(1)
+        drawing_from = re.search("Now drawing from '([^']+)'", out).group(1)
+        power_plugged = drawing_from == "AC Power"
+        psutil_result = psutil.sensors_battery()
+        assert psutil_result.power_plugged == power_plugged
+        assert psutil_result.percent == int(percent)

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_posix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,496 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""POSIX specific tests."""
+
+import datetime
+import errno
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import time
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import AIX
+from psutil import BSD
+from psutil import LINUX
+from psutil import MACOS
+from psutil import OPENBSD
+from psutil import POSIX
+from psutil import SUNOS
+from psutil.tests import AARCH64
+from psutil.tests import HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS
+from psutil.tests import PYTHON_EXE
+from psutil.tests import QEMU_USER
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import mock
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import retry_on_failure
+from psutil.tests import sh
+from psutil.tests import skip_on_access_denied
+from psutil.tests import spawn_testproc
+from psutil.tests import terminate
+from psutil.tests import which
+
+
+if POSIX:
+    import mmap
+    import resource
+
+    from psutil._psutil_posix import getpagesize
+
+
+def ps(fmt, pid=None):
+    """Wrapper for calling the ps command with a little bit of cross-platform
+    support for a narrow range of features.
+    """
+
+    cmd = ['ps']
+
+    if LINUX:
+        cmd.append('--no-headers')
+
+    if pid is not None:
+        cmd.extend(['-p', str(pid)])
+    else:
+        if SUNOS or AIX:
+            cmd.append('-A')
+        else:
+            cmd.append('ax')
+
+    if SUNOS:
+        fmt = fmt.replace("start", "stime")
+
+    cmd.extend(['-o', fmt])
+
+    output = sh(cmd)
+
+    output = output.splitlines() if LINUX else output.splitlines()[1:]
+
+    all_output = []
+    for line in output:
+        line = line.strip()
+
+        try:
+            line = int(line)
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+
+        all_output.append(line)
+
+    if pid is None:
+        return all_output
+    else:
+        return all_output[0]
+
+
+# ps "-o" field names differ wildly between platforms.
+# "comm" means "only executable name" but is not available on BSD platforms.
+# "args" means "command with all its arguments", and is also not available
+# on BSD platforms.
+# "command" is like "args" on most platforms, but like "comm" on AIX,
+# and not available on SUNOS.
+# so for the executable name we can use "comm" on Solaris and split "command"
+# on other platforms.
+# to get the cmdline (with args) we have to use "args" on AIX and
+# Solaris, and can use "command" on all others.
+
+
+def ps_name(pid):
+    field = "command"
+    if SUNOS:
+        field = "comm"
+    command = ps(field, pid).split()
+    if QEMU_USER:
+        assert "/bin/qemu-" in command[0]
+        return command[1]
+    return command[0]
+
+
+def ps_args(pid):
+    field = "command"
+    if AIX or SUNOS:
+        field = "args"
+    out = ps(field, pid)
+    # observed on BSD + Github CI: '/usr/local/bin/python3 -E -O (python3.9)'
+    out = re.sub(r"\(python.*?\)$", "", out)
+    return out.strip()
+
+
+def ps_rss(pid):
+    field = "rss"
+    if AIX:
+        field = "rssize"
+    return ps(field, pid)
+
+
+def ps_vsz(pid):
+    field = "vsz"
+    if AIX:
+        field = "vsize"
+    return ps(field, pid)
+
+
+def df(device):
+    try:
+        out = sh("df -k %s" % device).strip()
+    except RuntimeError as err:
+        if "device busy" in str(err).lower():
+            raise pytest.skip("df returned EBUSY")
+        raise
+    line = out.split('\n')[1]
+    fields = line.split()
+    sys_total = int(fields[1]) * 1024
+    sys_used = int(fields[2]) * 1024
+    sys_free = int(fields[3]) * 1024
+    sys_percent = float(fields[4].replace('%', ''))
+    return (sys_total, sys_used, sys_free, sys_percent)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+class TestProcess(PsutilTestCase):
+    """Compare psutil results against 'ps' command line utility (mainly)."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        cls.pid = spawn_testproc(
+            [PYTHON_EXE, "-E", "-O"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE
+        ).pid
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        terminate(cls.pid)
+
+    def test_ppid(self):
+        ppid_ps = ps('ppid', self.pid)
+        ppid_psutil = psutil.Process(self.pid).ppid()
+        assert ppid_ps == ppid_psutil
+
+    def test_uid(self):
+        uid_ps = ps('uid', self.pid)
+        uid_psutil = psutil.Process(self.pid).uids().real
+        assert uid_ps == uid_psutil
+
+    def test_gid(self):
+        gid_ps = ps('rgid', self.pid)
+        gid_psutil = psutil.Process(self.pid).gids().real
+        assert gid_ps == gid_psutil
+
+    def test_username(self):
+        username_ps = ps('user', self.pid)
+        username_psutil = psutil.Process(self.pid).username()
+        assert username_ps == username_psutil
+
+    def test_username_no_resolution(self):
+        # Emulate a case where the system can't resolve the uid to
+        # a username in which case psutil is supposed to return
+        # the stringified uid.
+        p = psutil.Process()
+        with mock.patch("psutil.pwd.getpwuid", side_effect=KeyError) as fun:
+            assert p.username() == str(p.uids().real)
+            assert fun.called
+
+    @skip_on_access_denied()
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_rss_memory(self):
+        # give python interpreter some time to properly initialize
+        # so that the results are the same
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+        rss_ps = ps_rss(self.pid)
+        rss_psutil = psutil.Process(self.pid).memory_info()[0] / 1024
+        assert rss_ps == rss_psutil
+
+    @skip_on_access_denied()
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_vsz_memory(self):
+        # give python interpreter some time to properly initialize
+        # so that the results are the same
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+        vsz_ps = ps_vsz(self.pid)
+        vsz_psutil = psutil.Process(self.pid).memory_info()[1] / 1024
+        assert vsz_ps == vsz_psutil
+
+    def test_name(self):
+        name_ps = ps_name(self.pid)
+        # remove path if there is any, from the command
+        name_ps = os.path.basename(name_ps).lower()
+        name_psutil = psutil.Process(self.pid).name().lower()
+        # ...because of how we calculate PYTHON_EXE; on MACOS this may
+        # be "pythonX.Y".
+        name_ps = re.sub(r"\d.\d", "", name_ps)
+        name_psutil = re.sub(r"\d.\d", "", name_psutil)
+        # ...may also be "python.X"
+        name_ps = re.sub(r"\d", "", name_ps)
+        name_psutil = re.sub(r"\d", "", name_psutil)
+        assert name_ps == name_psutil
+
+    def test_name_long(self):
+        # On UNIX the kernel truncates the name to the first 15
+        # characters. In such a case psutil tries to determine the
+        # full name from the cmdline.
+        name = "long-program-name"
+        cmdline = ["long-program-name-extended", "foo", "bar"]
+        with mock.patch("psutil._psplatform.Process.name", return_value=name):
+            with mock.patch(
+                "psutil._psplatform.Process.cmdline", return_value=cmdline
+            ):
+                p = psutil.Process()
+                assert p.name() == "long-program-name-extended"
+
+    def test_name_long_cmdline_ad_exc(self):
+        # Same as above but emulates a case where cmdline() raises
+        # AccessDenied in which case psutil is supposed to return
+        # the truncated name instead of crashing.
+        name = "long-program-name"
+        with mock.patch("psutil._psplatform.Process.name", return_value=name):
+            with mock.patch(
+                "psutil._psplatform.Process.cmdline",
+                side_effect=psutil.AccessDenied(0, ""),
+            ):
+                p = psutil.Process()
+                assert p.name() == "long-program-name"
+
+    def test_name_long_cmdline_nsp_exc(self):
+        # Same as above but emulates a case where cmdline() raises NSP
+        # which is supposed to propagate.
+        name = "long-program-name"
+        with mock.patch("psutil._psplatform.Process.name", return_value=name):
+            with mock.patch(
+                "psutil._psplatform.Process.cmdline",
+                side_effect=psutil.NoSuchProcess(0, ""),
+            ):
+                p = psutil.Process()
+                with pytest.raises(psutil.NoSuchProcess):
+                    p.name()
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(MACOS or BSD, reason="ps -o start not available")
+    def test_create_time(self):
+        time_ps = ps('start', self.pid)
+        time_psutil = psutil.Process(self.pid).create_time()
+        time_psutil_tstamp = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+            time_psutil
+        ).strftime("%H:%M:%S")
+        # sometimes ps shows the time rounded up instead of down, so we check
+        # for both possible values
+        round_time_psutil = round(time_psutil)
+        round_time_psutil_tstamp = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+            round_time_psutil
+        ).strftime("%H:%M:%S")
+        assert time_ps in [time_psutil_tstamp, round_time_psutil_tstamp]
+
+    def test_exe(self):
+        ps_pathname = ps_name(self.pid)
+        psutil_pathname = psutil.Process(self.pid).exe()
+        try:
+            assert ps_pathname == psutil_pathname
+        except AssertionError:
+            # certain platforms such as BSD are more accurate returning:
+            # "/usr/local/bin/python2.7"
+            # ...instead of:
+            # "/usr/local/bin/python"
+            # We do not want to consider this difference in accuracy
+            # an error.
+            adjusted_ps_pathname = ps_pathname[: len(ps_pathname)]
+            assert ps_pathname == adjusted_ps_pathname
+
+    # On macOS the official python installer exposes a python wrapper that
+    # executes a python executable hidden inside an application bundle inside
+    # the Python framework.
+    # There's a race condition between the ps call & the psutil call below
+    # depending on the completion of the execve call so let's retry on failure
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_cmdline(self):
+        ps_cmdline = ps_args(self.pid)
+        psutil_cmdline = " ".join(psutil.Process(self.pid).cmdline())
+        if AARCH64 and len(ps_cmdline) < len(psutil_cmdline):
+            assert psutil_cmdline.startswith(ps_cmdline)
+        else:
+            assert ps_cmdline == psutil_cmdline
+
+    # On SUNOS "ps" reads niceness /proc/pid/psinfo which returns an
+    # incorrect value (20); the real deal is getpriority(2) which
+    # returns 0; psutil relies on it, see:
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1082
+    # AIX has the same issue
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(SUNOS, reason="not reliable on SUNOS")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(AIX, reason="not reliable on AIX")
+    def test_nice(self):
+        ps_nice = ps('nice', self.pid)
+        psutil_nice = psutil.Process().nice()
+        assert ps_nice == psutil_nice
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+class TestSystemAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    """Test some system APIs."""
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_pids(self):
+        # Note: this test might fail if the OS is starting/killing
+        # other processes in the meantime
+        pids_ps = sorted(ps("pid"))
+        pids_psutil = psutil.pids()
+
+        # on MACOS and OPENBSD ps doesn't show pid 0
+        if MACOS or (OPENBSD and 0 not in pids_ps):
+            pids_ps.insert(0, 0)
+
+        # There will often be one more process in pids_ps for ps itself
+        if len(pids_ps) - len(pids_psutil) > 1:
+            difference = [x for x in pids_psutil if x not in pids_ps] + [
+                x for x in pids_ps if x not in pids_psutil
+            ]
+            raise self.fail("difference: " + str(difference))
+
+    # for some reason ifconfig -a does not report all interfaces
+    # returned by psutil
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(SUNOS, reason="unreliable on SUNOS")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not which('ifconfig'), reason="no ifconfig cmd")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS, reason="not supported")
+    def test_nic_names(self):
+        output = sh("ifconfig -a")
+        for nic in psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True):
+            for line in output.split():
+                if line.startswith(nic):
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise self.fail(
+                    "couldn't find %s nic in 'ifconfig -a' output\n%s"
+                    % (nic, output)
+                )
+
+    # @pytest.mark.skipif(CI_TESTING and not psutil.users(),
+    #                     reason="unreliable on CI")
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_users(self):
+        out = sh("who -u")
+        if not out.strip():
+            raise pytest.skip("no users on this system")
+        lines = out.split('\n')
+        users = [x.split()[0] for x in lines]
+        terminals = [x.split()[1] for x in lines]
+        assert len(users) == len(psutil.users())
+        with self.subTest(psutil=psutil.users(), who=out):
+            for idx, u in enumerate(psutil.users()):
+                assert u.name == users[idx]
+                assert u.terminal == terminals[idx]
+                if u.pid is not None:  # None on OpenBSD
+                    psutil.Process(u.pid)
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_users_started(self):
+        out = sh("who -u")
+        if not out.strip():
+            raise pytest.skip("no users on this system")
+        tstamp = None
+        # '2023-04-11 09:31' (Linux)
+        started = re.findall(r"\d\d\d\d-\d\d-\d\d \d\d:\d\d", out)
+        if started:
+            tstamp = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"
+        else:
+            # 'Apr 10 22:27' (macOS)
+            started = re.findall(r"[A-Z][a-z][a-z] \d\d \d\d:\d\d", out)
+            if started:
+                tstamp = "%b %d %H:%M"
+            else:
+                # 'Apr 10'
+                started = re.findall(r"[A-Z][a-z][a-z] \d\d", out)
+                if started:
+                    tstamp = "%b %d"
+                else:
+                    # 'apr 10' (sunOS)
+                    started = re.findall(r"[a-z][a-z][a-z] \d\d", out)
+                    if started:
+                        tstamp = "%b %d"
+                        started = [x.capitalize() for x in started]
+
+        if not tstamp:
+            raise pytest.skip(
+                "cannot interpret tstamp in who output\n%s" % (out)
+            )
+
+        with self.subTest(psutil=psutil.users(), who=out):
+            for idx, u in enumerate(psutil.users()):
+                psutil_value = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+                    u.started
+                ).strftime(tstamp)
+                assert psutil_value == started[idx]
+
+    def test_pid_exists_let_raise(self):
+        # According to "man 2 kill" possible error values for kill
+        # are (EINVAL, EPERM, ESRCH). Test that any other errno
+        # results in an exception.
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psposix.os.kill", side_effect=OSError(errno.EBADF, "")
+        ) as m:
+            with pytest.raises(OSError):
+                psutil._psposix.pid_exists(os.getpid())
+            assert m.called
+
+    def test_os_waitpid_let_raise(self):
+        # os.waitpid() is supposed to catch EINTR and ECHILD only.
+        # Test that any other errno results in an exception.
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psposix.os.waitpid", side_effect=OSError(errno.EBADF, "")
+        ) as m:
+            with pytest.raises(OSError):
+                psutil._psposix.wait_pid(os.getpid())
+            assert m.called
+
+    def test_os_waitpid_eintr(self):
+        # os.waitpid() is supposed to "retry" on EINTR.
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psposix.os.waitpid", side_effect=OSError(errno.EINTR, "")
+        ) as m:
+            with pytest.raises(psutil._psposix.TimeoutExpired):
+                psutil._psposix.wait_pid(os.getpid(), timeout=0.01)
+            assert m.called
+
+    def test_os_waitpid_bad_ret_status(self):
+        # Simulate os.waitpid() returning a bad status.
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psposix.os.waitpid", return_value=(1, -1)
+        ) as m:
+            with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+                psutil._psposix.wait_pid(os.getpid())
+            assert m.called
+
+    # AIX can return '-' in df output instead of numbers, e.g. for /proc
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(AIX, reason="unreliable on AIX")
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_disk_usage(self):
+        tolerance = 4 * 1024 * 1024  # 4MB
+        for part in psutil.disk_partitions(all=False):
+            usage = psutil.disk_usage(part.mountpoint)
+            try:
+                sys_total, sys_used, sys_free, sys_percent = df(part.device)
+            except RuntimeError as err:
+                # see:
+                # https://travis-ci.org/giampaolo/psutil/jobs/138338464
+                # https://travis-ci.org/giampaolo/psutil/jobs/138343361
+                err = str(err).lower()
+                if (
+                    "no such file or directory" in err
+                    or "raw devices not supported" in err
+                    or "permission denied" in err
+                ):
+                    continue
+                raise
+            else:
+                assert abs(usage.total - sys_total) < tolerance
+                assert abs(usage.used - sys_used) < tolerance
+                assert abs(usage.free - sys_free) < tolerance
+                assert abs(usage.percent - sys_percent) <= 1
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+class TestMisc(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_getpagesize(self):
+        pagesize = getpagesize()
+        assert pagesize > 0
+        assert pagesize == resource.getpagesize()
+        assert pagesize == mmap.PAGESIZE

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_process_all.py

@@ -0,0 +1,543 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Iterate over all process PIDs and for each one of them invoke and
+test all psutil.Process() methods.
+"""
+
+import enum
+import errno
+import multiprocessing
+import os
+import stat
+import time
+import traceback
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import AIX
+from psutil import BSD
+from psutil import FREEBSD
+from psutil import LINUX
+from psutil import MACOS
+from psutil import NETBSD
+from psutil import OPENBSD
+from psutil import OSX
+from psutil import POSIX
+from psutil import WINDOWS
+from psutil._compat import PY3
+from psutil._compat import FileNotFoundError
+from psutil._compat import long
+from psutil._compat import unicode
+from psutil.tests import CI_TESTING
+from psutil.tests import PYTEST_PARALLEL
+from psutil.tests import QEMU_USER
+from psutil.tests import VALID_PROC_STATUSES
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import check_connection_ntuple
+from psutil.tests import create_sockets
+from psutil.tests import is_namedtuple
+from psutil.tests import is_win_secure_system_proc
+from psutil.tests import process_namespace
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+
+
+# Cuts the time in half, but (e.g.) on macOS the process pool stays
+# alive after join() (multiprocessing bug?), messing up other tests.
+USE_PROC_POOL = LINUX and not CI_TESTING and not PYTEST_PARALLEL
+
+
+def proc_info(pid):
+    tcase = PsutilTestCase()
+
+    def check_exception(exc, proc, name, ppid):
+        tcase.assertEqual(exc.pid, pid)
+        if exc.name is not None:
+            tcase.assertEqual(exc.name, name)
+        if isinstance(exc, psutil.ZombieProcess):
+            tcase.assertProcessZombie(proc)
+            if exc.ppid is not None:
+                tcase.assertGreaterEqual(exc.ppid, 0)
+                tcase.assertEqual(exc.ppid, ppid)
+        elif isinstance(exc, psutil.NoSuchProcess):
+            tcase.assertProcessGone(proc)
+        str(exc)
+        repr(exc)
+
+    def do_wait():
+        if pid != 0:
+            try:
+                proc.wait(0)
+            except psutil.Error as exc:
+                check_exception(exc, proc, name, ppid)
+
+    try:
+        proc = psutil.Process(pid)
+    except psutil.NoSuchProcess:
+        tcase.assertPidGone(pid)
+        return {}
+    try:
+        d = proc.as_dict(['ppid', 'name'])
+    except psutil.NoSuchProcess:
+        tcase.assertProcessGone(proc)
+    else:
+        name, ppid = d['name'], d['ppid']
+        info = {'pid': proc.pid}
+        ns = process_namespace(proc)
+        # We don't use oneshot() because in order not to fool
+        # check_exception() in case of NSP.
+        for fun, fun_name in ns.iter(ns.getters, clear_cache=False):
+            try:
+                info[fun_name] = fun()
+            except psutil.Error as exc:
+                check_exception(exc, proc, name, ppid)
+                continue
+        do_wait()
+        return info
+
+
+class TestFetchAllProcesses(PsutilTestCase):
+    """Test which iterates over all running processes and performs
+    some sanity checks against Process API's returned values.
+    Uses a process pool to get info about all processes.
+    """
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        psutil._set_debug(False)
+        # Using a pool in a CI env may result in deadlock, see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/2104
+        if USE_PROC_POOL:
+            self.pool = multiprocessing.Pool()
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        psutil._set_debug(True)
+        if USE_PROC_POOL:
+            self.pool.terminate()
+            self.pool.join()
+
+    def iter_proc_info(self):
+        # Fixes "can't pickle <function proc_info>: it's not the
+        # same object as test_process_all.proc_info".
+        from psutil.tests.test_process_all import proc_info
+
+        if USE_PROC_POOL:
+            return self.pool.imap_unordered(proc_info, psutil.pids())
+        else:
+            ls = []
+            for pid in psutil.pids():
+                ls.append(proc_info(pid))
+            return ls
+
+    def test_all(self):
+        failures = []
+        for info in self.iter_proc_info():
+            for name, value in info.items():
+                meth = getattr(self, name)
+                try:
+                    meth(value, info)
+                except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+                    s = '\n' + '=' * 70 + '\n'
+                    s += "FAIL: name=test_%s, pid=%s, ret=%s\ninfo=%s\n" % (
+                        name,
+                        info['pid'],
+                        repr(value),
+                        info,
+                    )
+                    s += '-' * 70
+                    s += "\n%s" % traceback.format_exc()
+                    s = "\n".join((" " * 4) + i for i in s.splitlines()) + "\n"
+                    failures.append(s)
+                else:
+                    if value not in (0, 0.0, [], None, '', {}):
+                        assert value, value
+        if failures:
+            raise self.fail(''.join(failures))
+
+    def cmdline(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, list)
+        for part in ret:
+            assert isinstance(part, str)
+
+    def exe(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, (str, unicode))
+        assert ret.strip() == ret
+        if ret:
+            if WINDOWS and not ret.endswith('.exe'):
+                return  # May be "Registry", "MemCompression", ...
+            assert os.path.isabs(ret), ret
+            # Note: os.stat() may return False even if the file is there
+            # hence we skip the test, see:
+            # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3112546/os-path-exists-lies
+            if POSIX and os.path.isfile(ret):
+                if hasattr(os, 'access') and hasattr(os, "X_OK"):
+                    # XXX: may fail on MACOS
+                    try:
+                        assert os.access(ret, os.X_OK)
+                    except AssertionError:
+                        if os.path.exists(ret) and not CI_TESTING:
+                            raise
+
+    def pid(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, int)
+        assert ret >= 0
+
+    def ppid(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, (int, long))
+        assert ret >= 0
+        proc_info(ret)
+
+    def name(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, (str, unicode))
+        if WINDOWS and not ret and is_win_secure_system_proc(info['pid']):
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/2338
+            return
+        # on AIX, "<exiting>" processes don't have names
+        if not AIX:
+            assert ret, repr(ret)
+
+    def create_time(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, float)
+        try:
+            assert ret >= 0
+        except AssertionError:
+            # XXX
+            if OPENBSD and info['status'] == psutil.STATUS_ZOMBIE:
+                pass
+            else:
+                raise
+        # this can't be taken for granted on all platforms
+        # self.assertGreaterEqual(ret, psutil.boot_time())
+        # make sure returned value can be pretty printed
+        # with strftime
+        time.strftime("%Y %m %d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(ret))
+
+    def uids(self, ret, info):
+        assert is_namedtuple(ret)
+        for uid in ret:
+            assert isinstance(uid, int)
+            assert uid >= 0
+
+    def gids(self, ret, info):
+        assert is_namedtuple(ret)
+        # note: testing all gids as above seems not to be reliable for
+        # gid == 30 (nodoby); not sure why.
+        for gid in ret:
+            assert isinstance(gid, int)
+            if not MACOS and not NETBSD:
+                assert gid >= 0
+
+    def username(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, str)
+        assert ret.strip() == ret
+        assert ret.strip()
+
+    def status(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, str)
+        assert ret, ret
+        if QEMU_USER:
+            # status does not work under qemu user
+            return
+        assert ret != '?'  # XXX
+        assert ret in VALID_PROC_STATUSES
+
+    def io_counters(self, ret, info):
+        assert is_namedtuple(ret)
+        for field in ret:
+            assert isinstance(field, (int, long))
+            if field != -1:
+                assert field >= 0
+
+    def ionice(self, ret, info):
+        if LINUX:
+            assert isinstance(ret.ioclass, int)
+            assert isinstance(ret.value, int)
+            assert ret.ioclass >= 0
+            assert ret.value >= 0
+        else:  # Windows, Cygwin
+            choices = [
+                psutil.IOPRIO_VERYLOW,
+                psutil.IOPRIO_LOW,
+                psutil.IOPRIO_NORMAL,
+                psutil.IOPRIO_HIGH,
+            ]
+            assert isinstance(ret, int)
+            assert ret >= 0
+            assert ret in choices
+
+    def num_threads(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, int)
+        if WINDOWS and ret == 0 and is_win_secure_system_proc(info['pid']):
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/2338
+            return
+        assert ret >= 1
+
+    def threads(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, list)
+        for t in ret:
+            assert is_namedtuple(t)
+            assert t.id >= 0
+            assert t.user_time >= 0
+            assert t.system_time >= 0
+            for field in t:
+                assert isinstance(field, (int, float))
+
+    def cpu_times(self, ret, info):
+        assert is_namedtuple(ret)
+        for n in ret:
+            assert isinstance(n, float)
+            assert n >= 0
+        # TODO: check ntuple fields
+
+    def cpu_percent(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, float)
+        assert 0.0 <= ret <= 100.0, ret
+
+    def cpu_num(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, int)
+        if FREEBSD and ret == -1:
+            return
+        assert ret >= 0
+        if psutil.cpu_count() == 1:
+            assert ret == 0
+        assert ret in list(range(psutil.cpu_count()))
+
+    def memory_info(self, ret, info):
+        assert is_namedtuple(ret)
+        for value in ret:
+            assert isinstance(value, (int, long))
+            assert value >= 0
+        if WINDOWS:
+            assert ret.peak_wset >= ret.wset
+            assert ret.peak_paged_pool >= ret.paged_pool
+            assert ret.peak_nonpaged_pool >= ret.nonpaged_pool
+            assert ret.peak_pagefile >= ret.pagefile
+
+    def memory_full_info(self, ret, info):
+        assert is_namedtuple(ret)
+        total = psutil.virtual_memory().total
+        for name in ret._fields:
+            value = getattr(ret, name)
+            assert isinstance(value, (int, long))
+            assert value >= 0
+            if LINUX or (OSX and name in ('vms', 'data')):
+                # On Linux there are processes (e.g. 'goa-daemon') whose
+                # VMS is incredibly high for some reason.
+                continue
+            assert value <= total, name
+
+        if LINUX:
+            assert ret.pss >= ret.uss
+
+    def open_files(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, list)
+        for f in ret:
+            assert isinstance(f.fd, int)
+            assert isinstance(f.path, str)
+            assert f.path.strip() == f.path
+            if WINDOWS:
+                assert f.fd == -1
+            elif LINUX:
+                assert isinstance(f.position, int)
+                assert isinstance(f.mode, str)
+                assert isinstance(f.flags, int)
+                assert f.position >= 0
+                assert f.mode in ('r', 'w', 'a', 'r+', 'a+')
+                assert f.flags > 0
+            elif BSD and not f.path:
+                # XXX see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/595
+                continue
+            assert os.path.isabs(f.path), f
+            try:
+                st = os.stat(f.path)
+            except FileNotFoundError:
+                pass
+            else:
+                assert stat.S_ISREG(st.st_mode), f
+
+    def num_fds(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, int)
+        assert ret >= 0
+
+    def net_connections(self, ret, info):
+        with create_sockets():
+            assert len(ret) == len(set(ret))
+            for conn in ret:
+                assert is_namedtuple(conn)
+                check_connection_ntuple(conn)
+
+    def cwd(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, (str, unicode))
+        assert ret.strip() == ret
+        if ret:
+            assert os.path.isabs(ret), ret
+            try:
+                st = os.stat(ret)
+            except OSError as err:
+                if WINDOWS and psutil._psplatform.is_permission_err(err):
+                    pass
+                # directory has been removed in mean time
+                elif err.errno != errno.ENOENT:
+                    raise
+            else:
+                assert stat.S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)
+
+    def memory_percent(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, float)
+        assert 0 <= ret <= 100, ret
+
+    def is_running(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, bool)
+
+    def cpu_affinity(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, list)
+        assert ret != []
+        cpus = list(range(psutil.cpu_count()))
+        for n in ret:
+            assert isinstance(n, int)
+            assert n in cpus
+
+    def terminal(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, (str, type(None)))
+        if ret is not None:
+            assert os.path.isabs(ret), ret
+            assert os.path.exists(ret), ret
+
+    def memory_maps(self, ret, info):
+        for nt in ret:
+            assert isinstance(nt.addr, str)
+            assert isinstance(nt.perms, str)
+            assert isinstance(nt.path, str)
+            for fname in nt._fields:
+                value = getattr(nt, fname)
+                if fname == 'path':
+                    if not value.startswith(("[", "anon_inode:")):
+                        assert os.path.isabs(nt.path), nt.path
+                        # commented as on Linux we might get
+                        # '/foo/bar (deleted)'
+                        # assert os.path.exists(nt.path), nt.path
+                elif fname == 'addr':
+                    assert value, repr(value)
+                elif fname == 'perms':
+                    if not WINDOWS:
+                        assert value, repr(value)
+                else:
+                    assert isinstance(value, (int, long))
+                    assert value >= 0
+
+    def num_handles(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, int)
+        assert ret >= 0
+
+    def nice(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, int)
+        if POSIX:
+            assert -20 <= ret <= 20, ret
+        else:
+            priorities = [
+                getattr(psutil, x)
+                for x in dir(psutil)
+                if x.endswith('_PRIORITY_CLASS')
+            ]
+            assert ret in priorities
+            if PY3:
+                assert isinstance(ret, enum.IntEnum)
+            else:
+                assert isinstance(ret, int)
+
+    def num_ctx_switches(self, ret, info):
+        assert is_namedtuple(ret)
+        for value in ret:
+            assert isinstance(value, (int, long))
+            assert value >= 0
+
+    def rlimit(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, tuple)
+        assert len(ret) == 2
+        assert ret[0] >= -1
+        assert ret[1] >= -1
+
+    def environ(self, ret, info):
+        assert isinstance(ret, dict)
+        for k, v in ret.items():
+            assert isinstance(k, str)
+            assert isinstance(v, str)
+
+
+class TestPidsRange(PsutilTestCase):
+    """Given pid_exists() return value for a range of PIDs which may or
+    may not exist, make sure that psutil.Process() and psutil.pids()
+    agree with pid_exists(). This guarantees that the 3 APIs are all
+    consistent with each other. See:
+    https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/2359
+
+    XXX - Note about Windows: it turns out there are some "hidden" PIDs
+    which are not returned by psutil.pids() and are also not revealed
+    by taskmgr.exe and ProcessHacker, still they can be instantiated by
+    psutil.Process() and queried. One of such PIDs is "conhost.exe".
+    Running as_dict() for it reveals that some Process() APIs
+    erroneously raise NoSuchProcess, so we know we have problem there.
+    Let's ignore this for now, since it's quite a corner case (who even
+    imagined hidden PIDs existed on Windows?).
+    """
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        psutil._set_debug(False)
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        psutil._set_debug(True)
+
+    def test_it(self):
+        def is_linux_tid(pid):
+            try:
+                f = open("/proc/%s/status" % pid, "rb")
+            except FileNotFoundError:
+                return False
+            else:
+                with f:
+                    for line in f:
+                        if line.startswith(b"Tgid:"):
+                            tgid = int(line.split()[1])
+                            # If tgid and pid are different then we're
+                            # dealing with a process TID.
+                            return tgid != pid
+                    raise ValueError("'Tgid' line not found")
+
+        def check(pid):
+            # In case of failure retry up to 3 times in order to avoid
+            # race conditions, especially when running in a CI
+            # environment where PIDs may appear and disappear at any
+            # time.
+            x = 3
+            while True:
+                exists = psutil.pid_exists(pid)
+                try:
+                    if exists:
+                        psutil.Process(pid)
+                        if not WINDOWS:  # see docstring
+                            assert pid in psutil.pids()
+                    else:
+                        # On OpenBSD thread IDs can be instantiated,
+                        # and oneshot() succeeds, but other APIs fail
+                        # with EINVAL.
+                        if not OPENBSD:
+                            with pytest.raises(psutil.NoSuchProcess):
+                                psutil.Process(pid)
+                        if not WINDOWS:  # see docstring
+                            assert pid not in psutil.pids()
+                except (psutil.Error, AssertionError):
+                    x -= 1
+                    if x == 0:
+                        raise
+                else:
+                    return
+
+        for pid in range(1, 3000):
+            if LINUX and is_linux_tid(pid):
+                # On Linux a TID (thread ID) can be passed to the
+                # Process class and is querable like a PID (process
+                # ID). Skip it.
+                continue
+            with self.subTest(pid=pid):
+                check(pid)

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_sunos.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Sun OS specific tests."""
+
+import os
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import SUNOS
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import sh
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not SUNOS, reason="SUNOS only")
+class SunOSSpecificTestCase(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_swap_memory(self):
+        out = sh('env PATH=/usr/sbin:/sbin:%s swap -l' % os.environ['PATH'])
+        lines = out.strip().split('\n')[1:]
+        if not lines:
+            raise ValueError('no swap device(s) configured')
+        total = free = 0
+        for line in lines:
+            fields = line.split()
+            total = int(fields[3]) * 512
+            free = int(fields[4]) * 512
+        used = total - free
+
+        psutil_swap = psutil.swap_memory()
+        assert psutil_swap.total == total
+        assert psutil_swap.used == used
+        assert psutil_swap.free == free
+
+    def test_cpu_count(self):
+        out = sh("/usr/sbin/psrinfo")
+        assert psutil.cpu_count() == len(out.split('\n'))

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_system.py

@@ -0,0 +1,987 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Tests for system APIS."""
+
+import contextlib
+import datetime
+import errno
+import os
+import platform
+import pprint
+import shutil
+import signal
+import socket
+import sys
+import time
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import AIX
+from psutil import BSD
+from psutil import FREEBSD
+from psutil import LINUX
+from psutil import MACOS
+from psutil import NETBSD
+from psutil import OPENBSD
+from psutil import POSIX
+from psutil import SUNOS
+from psutil import WINDOWS
+from psutil._compat import PY3
+from psutil._compat import FileNotFoundError
+from psutil._compat import long
+from psutil.tests import ASCII_FS
+from psutil.tests import CI_TESTING
+from psutil.tests import DEVNULL
+from psutil.tests import GITHUB_ACTIONS
+from psutil.tests import GLOBAL_TIMEOUT
+from psutil.tests import HAS_BATTERY
+from psutil.tests import HAS_CPU_FREQ
+from psutil.tests import HAS_GETLOADAVG
+from psutil.tests import HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_SENSORS_BATTERY
+from psutil.tests import HAS_SENSORS_FANS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_SENSORS_TEMPERATURES
+from psutil.tests import IS_64BIT
+from psutil.tests import MACOS_12PLUS
+from psutil.tests import PYPY
+from psutil.tests import QEMU_USER
+from psutil.tests import UNICODE_SUFFIX
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import check_net_address
+from psutil.tests import enum
+from psutil.tests import mock
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import retry_on_failure
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- System-related API tests
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class TestProcessIter(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_pid_presence(self):
+        assert os.getpid() in [x.pid for x in psutil.process_iter()]
+        sproc = self.spawn_testproc()
+        assert sproc.pid in [x.pid for x in psutil.process_iter()]
+        p = psutil.Process(sproc.pid)
+        p.kill()
+        p.wait()
+        assert sproc.pid not in [x.pid for x in psutil.process_iter()]
+
+    def test_no_duplicates(self):
+        ls = [x for x in psutil.process_iter()]
+        assert sorted(ls, key=lambda x: x.pid) == sorted(
+            set(ls), key=lambda x: x.pid
+        )
+
+    def test_emulate_nsp(self):
+        list(psutil.process_iter())  # populate cache
+        for x in range(2):
+            with mock.patch(
+                'psutil.Process.as_dict',
+                side_effect=psutil.NoSuchProcess(os.getpid()),
+            ):
+                assert list(psutil.process_iter(attrs=["cpu_times"])) == []
+            psutil.process_iter.cache_clear()  # repeat test without cache
+
+    def test_emulate_access_denied(self):
+        list(psutil.process_iter())  # populate cache
+        for x in range(2):
+            with mock.patch(
+                'psutil.Process.as_dict',
+                side_effect=psutil.AccessDenied(os.getpid()),
+            ):
+                with pytest.raises(psutil.AccessDenied):
+                    list(psutil.process_iter(attrs=["cpu_times"]))
+            psutil.process_iter.cache_clear()  # repeat test without cache
+
+    def test_attrs(self):
+        for p in psutil.process_iter(attrs=['pid']):
+            assert list(p.info.keys()) == ['pid']
+        # yield again
+        for p in psutil.process_iter(attrs=['pid']):
+            assert list(p.info.keys()) == ['pid']
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            list(psutil.process_iter(attrs=['foo']))
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.Process.cpu_times",
+            side_effect=psutil.AccessDenied(0, ""),
+        ) as m:
+            for p in psutil.process_iter(attrs=["pid", "cpu_times"]):
+                assert p.info['cpu_times'] is None
+                assert p.info['pid'] >= 0
+            assert m.called
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.Process.cpu_times",
+            side_effect=psutil.AccessDenied(0, ""),
+        ) as m:
+            flag = object()
+            for p in psutil.process_iter(
+                attrs=["pid", "cpu_times"], ad_value=flag
+            ):
+                assert p.info['cpu_times'] is flag
+                assert p.info['pid'] >= 0
+            assert m.called
+
+    def test_cache_clear(self):
+        list(psutil.process_iter())  # populate cache
+        assert psutil._pmap
+        psutil.process_iter.cache_clear()
+        assert not psutil._pmap
+
+
+class TestProcessAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        PYPY and WINDOWS,
+        reason="spawn_testproc() unreliable on PYPY + WINDOWS",
+    )
+    def test_wait_procs(self):
+        def callback(p):
+            pids.append(p.pid)
+
+        pids = []
+        sproc1 = self.spawn_testproc()
+        sproc2 = self.spawn_testproc()
+        sproc3 = self.spawn_testproc()
+        procs = [psutil.Process(x.pid) for x in (sproc1, sproc2, sproc3)]
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            psutil.wait_procs(procs, timeout=-1)
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+            psutil.wait_procs(procs, callback=1)
+        t = time.time()
+        gone, alive = psutil.wait_procs(procs, timeout=0.01, callback=callback)
+
+        assert time.time() - t < 0.5
+        assert gone == []
+        assert len(alive) == 3
+        assert pids == []
+        for p in alive:
+            assert not hasattr(p, 'returncode')
+
+        @retry_on_failure(30)
+        def test_1(procs, callback):
+            gone, alive = psutil.wait_procs(
+                procs, timeout=0.03, callback=callback
+            )
+            assert len(gone) == 1
+            assert len(alive) == 2
+            return gone, alive
+
+        sproc3.terminate()
+        gone, alive = test_1(procs, callback)
+        assert sproc3.pid in [x.pid for x in gone]
+        if POSIX:
+            assert gone.pop().returncode == -signal.SIGTERM
+        else:
+            assert gone.pop().returncode == 1
+        assert pids == [sproc3.pid]
+        for p in alive:
+            assert not hasattr(p, 'returncode')
+
+        @retry_on_failure(30)
+        def test_2(procs, callback):
+            gone, alive = psutil.wait_procs(
+                procs, timeout=0.03, callback=callback
+            )
+            assert len(gone) == 3
+            assert len(alive) == 0
+            return gone, alive
+
+        sproc1.terminate()
+        sproc2.terminate()
+        gone, alive = test_2(procs, callback)
+        assert set(pids) == set([sproc1.pid, sproc2.pid, sproc3.pid])
+        for p in gone:
+            assert hasattr(p, 'returncode')
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        PYPY and WINDOWS,
+        reason="spawn_testproc() unreliable on PYPY + WINDOWS",
+    )
+    def test_wait_procs_no_timeout(self):
+        sproc1 = self.spawn_testproc()
+        sproc2 = self.spawn_testproc()
+        sproc3 = self.spawn_testproc()
+        procs = [psutil.Process(x.pid) for x in (sproc1, sproc2, sproc3)]
+        for p in procs:
+            p.terminate()
+        psutil.wait_procs(procs)
+
+    def test_pid_exists(self):
+        sproc = self.spawn_testproc()
+        assert psutil.pid_exists(sproc.pid)
+        p = psutil.Process(sproc.pid)
+        p.kill()
+        p.wait()
+        assert not psutil.pid_exists(sproc.pid)
+        assert not psutil.pid_exists(-1)
+        assert psutil.pid_exists(0) == (0 in psutil.pids())
+
+    def test_pid_exists_2(self):
+        pids = psutil.pids()
+        for pid in pids:
+            try:
+                assert psutil.pid_exists(pid)
+            except AssertionError:
+                # in case the process disappeared in meantime fail only
+                # if it is no longer in psutil.pids()
+                time.sleep(0.1)
+                assert pid not in psutil.pids()
+        pids = range(max(pids) + 15000, max(pids) + 16000)
+        for pid in pids:
+            assert not psutil.pid_exists(pid)
+
+
+class TestMiscAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_boot_time(self):
+        bt = psutil.boot_time()
+        assert isinstance(bt, float)
+        assert bt > 0
+        assert bt < time.time()
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        CI_TESTING and not psutil.users(), reason="unreliable on CI"
+    )
+    def test_users(self):
+        users = psutil.users()
+        assert users != []
+        for user in users:
+            with self.subTest(user=user):
+                assert user.name
+                assert isinstance(user.name, str)
+                assert isinstance(user.terminal, (str, type(None)))
+                if user.host is not None:
+                    assert isinstance(user.host, (str, type(None)))
+                user.terminal  # noqa
+                user.host  # noqa
+                assert user.started > 0.0
+                datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(user.started)
+                if WINDOWS or OPENBSD:
+                    assert user.pid is None
+                else:
+                    psutil.Process(user.pid)
+
+    def test_test(self):
+        # test for psutil.test() function
+        stdout = sys.stdout
+        sys.stdout = DEVNULL
+        try:
+            psutil.test()
+        finally:
+            sys.stdout = stdout
+
+    def test_os_constants(self):
+        names = [
+            "POSIX",
+            "WINDOWS",
+            "LINUX",
+            "MACOS",
+            "FREEBSD",
+            "OPENBSD",
+            "NETBSD",
+            "BSD",
+            "SUNOS",
+        ]
+        for name in names:
+            assert isinstance(getattr(psutil, name), bool), name
+
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            assert psutil.POSIX
+            assert not psutil.WINDOWS
+            names.remove("POSIX")
+            if "linux" in sys.platform.lower():
+                assert psutil.LINUX
+                names.remove("LINUX")
+            elif "bsd" in sys.platform.lower():
+                assert psutil.BSD
+                assert [psutil.FREEBSD, psutil.OPENBSD, psutil.NETBSD].count(
+                    True
+                ) == 1
+                names.remove("BSD")
+                names.remove("FREEBSD")
+                names.remove("OPENBSD")
+                names.remove("NETBSD")
+            elif (
+                "sunos" in sys.platform.lower()
+                or "solaris" in sys.platform.lower()
+            ):
+                assert psutil.SUNOS
+                names.remove("SUNOS")
+            elif "darwin" in sys.platform.lower():
+                assert psutil.MACOS
+                names.remove("MACOS")
+        else:
+            assert psutil.WINDOWS
+            assert not psutil.POSIX
+            names.remove("WINDOWS")
+
+        # assert all other constants are set to False
+        for name in names:
+            assert not getattr(psutil, name), name
+
+
+class TestMemoryAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_virtual_memory(self):
+        mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
+        assert mem.total > 0, mem
+        assert mem.available > 0, mem
+        assert 0 <= mem.percent <= 100, mem
+        assert mem.used > 0, mem
+        assert mem.free >= 0, mem
+        for name in mem._fields:
+            value = getattr(mem, name)
+            if name != 'percent':
+                assert isinstance(value, (int, long))
+            if name != 'total':
+                if not value >= 0:
+                    raise self.fail("%r < 0 (%s)" % (name, value))
+                if value > mem.total:
+                    raise self.fail(
+                        "%r > total (total=%s, %s=%s)"
+                        % (name, mem.total, name, value)
+                    )
+
+    def test_swap_memory(self):
+        mem = psutil.swap_memory()
+        assert mem._fields == (
+            'total',
+            'used',
+            'free',
+            'percent',
+            'sin',
+            'sout',
+        )
+
+        assert mem.total >= 0, mem
+        assert mem.used >= 0, mem
+        if mem.total > 0:
+            # likely a system with no swap partition
+            assert mem.free > 0, mem
+        else:
+            assert mem.free == 0, mem
+        assert 0 <= mem.percent <= 100, mem
+        assert mem.sin >= 0, mem
+        assert mem.sout >= 0, mem
+
+
+class TestCpuAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_cpu_count_logical(self):
+        logical = psutil.cpu_count()
+        assert logical is not None
+        assert logical == len(psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True))
+        assert logical >= 1
+
+        if os.path.exists("/proc/cpuinfo"):
+            with open("/proc/cpuinfo") as fd:
+                cpuinfo_data = fd.read()
+            if "physical id" not in cpuinfo_data:
+                raise pytest.skip("cpuinfo doesn't include physical id")
+
+    def test_cpu_count_cores(self):
+        logical = psutil.cpu_count()
+        cores = psutil.cpu_count(logical=False)
+        if cores is None:
+            raise pytest.skip("cpu_count_cores() is None")
+        if WINDOWS and sys.getwindowsversion()[:2] <= (6, 1):  # <= Vista
+            assert cores is None
+        else:
+            assert cores >= 1
+            assert logical >= cores
+
+    def test_cpu_count_none(self):
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1085
+        for val in (-1, 0, None):
+            with mock.patch(
+                'psutil._psplatform.cpu_count_logical', return_value=val
+            ) as m:
+                assert psutil.cpu_count() is None
+                assert m.called
+            with mock.patch(
+                'psutil._psplatform.cpu_count_cores', return_value=val
+            ) as m:
+                assert psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) is None
+                assert m.called
+
+    def test_cpu_times(self):
+        # Check type, value >= 0, str().
+        total = 0
+        times = psutil.cpu_times()
+        sum(times)
+        for cp_time in times:
+            assert isinstance(cp_time, float)
+            assert cp_time >= 0.0
+            total += cp_time
+        assert round(abs(total - sum(times)), 6) == 0
+        str(times)
+        # CPU times are always supposed to increase over time
+        # or at least remain the same and that's because time
+        # cannot go backwards.
+        # Surprisingly sometimes this might not be the case (at
+        # least on Windows and Linux), see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/392
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/645
+        # if not WINDOWS:
+        #     last = psutil.cpu_times()
+        #     for x in range(100):
+        #         new = psutil.cpu_times()
+        #         for field in new._fields:
+        #             new_t = getattr(new, field)
+        #             last_t = getattr(last, field)
+        #             self.assertGreaterEqual(new_t, last_t,
+        #                                     msg="%s %s" % (new_t, last_t))
+        #         last = new
+
+    def test_cpu_times_time_increases(self):
+        # Make sure time increases between calls.
+        t1 = sum(psutil.cpu_times())
+        stop_at = time.time() + GLOBAL_TIMEOUT
+        while time.time() < stop_at:
+            t2 = sum(psutil.cpu_times())
+            if t2 > t1:
+                return
+        raise self.fail("time remained the same")
+
+    def test_per_cpu_times(self):
+        # Check type, value >= 0, str().
+        for times in psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True):
+            total = 0
+            sum(times)
+            for cp_time in times:
+                assert isinstance(cp_time, float)
+                assert cp_time >= 0.0
+                total += cp_time
+            assert round(abs(total - sum(times)), 6) == 0
+            str(times)
+        assert len(psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True)[0]) == len(
+            psutil.cpu_times(percpu=False)
+        )
+
+        # Note: in theory CPU times are always supposed to increase over
+        # time or remain the same but never go backwards. In practice
+        # sometimes this is not the case.
+        # This issue seemd to be afflict Windows:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/392
+        # ...but it turns out also Linux (rarely) behaves the same.
+        # last = psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True)
+        # for x in range(100):
+        #     new = psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True)
+        #     for index in range(len(new)):
+        #         newcpu = new[index]
+        #         lastcpu = last[index]
+        #         for field in newcpu._fields:
+        #             new_t = getattr(newcpu, field)
+        #             last_t = getattr(lastcpu, field)
+        #             self.assertGreaterEqual(
+        #                 new_t, last_t, msg="%s %s" % (lastcpu, newcpu))
+        #     last = new
+
+    def test_per_cpu_times_2(self):
+        # Simulate some work load then make sure time have increased
+        # between calls.
+        tot1 = psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True)
+        giveup_at = time.time() + GLOBAL_TIMEOUT
+        while True:
+            if time.time() >= giveup_at:
+                return self.fail("timeout")
+            tot2 = psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True)
+            for t1, t2 in zip(tot1, tot2):
+                t1, t2 = psutil._cpu_busy_time(t1), psutil._cpu_busy_time(t2)
+                difference = t2 - t1
+                if difference >= 0.05:
+                    return
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        CI_TESTING and OPENBSD, reason="unreliable on OPENBSD + CI"
+    )
+    def test_cpu_times_comparison(self):
+        # Make sure the sum of all per cpu times is almost equal to
+        # base "one cpu" times. On OpenBSD the sum of per-CPUs is
+        # higher for some reason.
+        base = psutil.cpu_times()
+        per_cpu = psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True)
+        summed_values = base._make([sum(num) for num in zip(*per_cpu)])
+        for field in base._fields:
+            with self.subTest(field=field, base=base, per_cpu=per_cpu):
+                assert (
+                    abs(getattr(base, field) - getattr(summed_values, field))
+                    < 1
+                )
+
+    def _test_cpu_percent(self, percent, last_ret, new_ret):
+        try:
+            assert isinstance(percent, float)
+            assert percent >= 0.0
+            assert percent is not -0.0
+            assert percent <= 100.0 * psutil.cpu_count()
+        except AssertionError as err:
+            raise AssertionError(
+                "\n%s\nlast=%s\nnew=%s"
+                % (err, pprint.pformat(last_ret), pprint.pformat(new_ret))
+            )
+
+    def test_cpu_percent(self):
+        last = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=0.001)
+        for _ in range(100):
+            new = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=None)
+            self._test_cpu_percent(new, last, new)
+            last = new
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            psutil.cpu_percent(interval=-1)
+
+    def test_per_cpu_percent(self):
+        last = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=0.001, percpu=True)
+        assert len(last) == psutil.cpu_count()
+        for _ in range(100):
+            new = psutil.cpu_percent(interval=None, percpu=True)
+            for percent in new:
+                self._test_cpu_percent(percent, last, new)
+            last = new
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            psutil.cpu_percent(interval=-1, percpu=True)
+
+    def test_cpu_times_percent(self):
+        last = psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=0.001)
+        for _ in range(100):
+            new = psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=None)
+            for percent in new:
+                self._test_cpu_percent(percent, last, new)
+            self._test_cpu_percent(sum(new), last, new)
+            last = new
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=-1)
+
+    def test_per_cpu_times_percent(self):
+        last = psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=0.001, percpu=True)
+        assert len(last) == psutil.cpu_count()
+        for _ in range(100):
+            new = psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=None, percpu=True)
+            for cpu in new:
+                for percent in cpu:
+                    self._test_cpu_percent(percent, last, new)
+                self._test_cpu_percent(sum(cpu), last, new)
+            last = new
+
+    def test_per_cpu_times_percent_negative(self):
+        # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/645
+        psutil.cpu_times_percent(percpu=True)
+        zero_times = [
+            x._make([0 for x in range(len(x._fields))])
+            for x in psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True)
+        ]
+        with mock.patch('psutil.cpu_times', return_value=zero_times):
+            for cpu in psutil.cpu_times_percent(percpu=True):
+                for percent in cpu:
+                    self._test_cpu_percent(percent, None, None)
+
+    def test_cpu_stats(self):
+        # Tested more extensively in per-platform test modules.
+        infos = psutil.cpu_stats()
+        assert infos._fields == (
+            'ctx_switches',
+            'interrupts',
+            'soft_interrupts',
+            'syscalls',
+        )
+        for name in infos._fields:
+            value = getattr(infos, name)
+            assert value >= 0
+            # on AIX, ctx_switches is always 0
+            if not AIX and name in ('ctx_switches', 'interrupts'):
+                assert value > 0
+
+    # TODO: remove this once 1892 is fixed
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        MACOS and platform.machine() == 'arm64', reason="skipped due to #1892"
+    )
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_CPU_FREQ, reason="not supported")
+    def test_cpu_freq(self):
+        def check_ls(ls):
+            for nt in ls:
+                assert nt._fields == ('current', 'min', 'max')
+                if nt.max != 0.0:
+                    assert nt.current <= nt.max
+                for name in nt._fields:
+                    value = getattr(nt, name)
+                    assert isinstance(value, (int, long, float))
+                    assert value >= 0
+
+        ls = psutil.cpu_freq(percpu=True)
+        if FREEBSD and not ls:
+            raise pytest.skip("returns empty list on FreeBSD")
+
+        assert ls, ls
+        check_ls([psutil.cpu_freq(percpu=False)])
+
+        if LINUX:
+            assert len(ls) == psutil.cpu_count()
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_GETLOADAVG, reason="not supported")
+    def test_getloadavg(self):
+        loadavg = psutil.getloadavg()
+        assert len(loadavg) == 3
+        for load in loadavg:
+            assert isinstance(load, float)
+            assert load >= 0.0
+
+
+class TestDiskAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        PYPY and not IS_64BIT, reason="unreliable on PYPY32 + 32BIT"
+    )
+    def test_disk_usage(self):
+        usage = psutil.disk_usage(os.getcwd())
+        assert usage._fields == ('total', 'used', 'free', 'percent')
+
+        assert usage.total > 0, usage
+        assert usage.used > 0, usage
+        assert usage.free > 0, usage
+        assert usage.total > usage.used, usage
+        assert usage.total > usage.free, usage
+        assert 0 <= usage.percent <= 100, usage.percent
+        if hasattr(shutil, 'disk_usage'):
+            # py >= 3.3, see: http://bugs.python.org/issue12442
+            shutil_usage = shutil.disk_usage(os.getcwd())
+            tolerance = 5 * 1024 * 1024  # 5MB
+            assert usage.total == shutil_usage.total
+            assert abs(usage.free - shutil_usage.free) < tolerance
+            if not MACOS_12PLUS:
+                # see https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/2147
+                assert abs(usage.used - shutil_usage.used) < tolerance
+
+        # if path does not exist OSError ENOENT is expected across
+        # all platforms
+        fname = self.get_testfn()
+        with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError):
+            psutil.disk_usage(fname)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not ASCII_FS, reason="not an ASCII fs")
+    def test_disk_usage_unicode(self):
+        # See: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/416
+        with pytest.raises(UnicodeEncodeError):
+            psutil.disk_usage(UNICODE_SUFFIX)
+
+    def test_disk_usage_bytes(self):
+        psutil.disk_usage(b'.')
+
+    def test_disk_partitions(self):
+        def check_ntuple(nt):
+            assert isinstance(nt.device, str)
+            assert isinstance(nt.mountpoint, str)
+            assert isinstance(nt.fstype, str)
+            assert isinstance(nt.opts, str)
+
+        # all = False
+        ls = psutil.disk_partitions(all=False)
+        assert ls
+        for disk in ls:
+            check_ntuple(disk)
+            if WINDOWS and 'cdrom' in disk.opts:
+                continue
+            if not POSIX:
+                assert os.path.exists(disk.device), disk
+            else:
+                # we cannot make any assumption about this, see:
+                # http://goo.gl/p9c43
+                disk.device  # noqa
+            # on modern systems mount points can also be files
+            assert os.path.exists(disk.mountpoint), disk
+            assert disk.fstype, disk
+
+        # all = True
+        ls = psutil.disk_partitions(all=True)
+        assert ls
+        for disk in psutil.disk_partitions(all=True):
+            check_ntuple(disk)
+            if not WINDOWS and disk.mountpoint:
+                try:
+                    os.stat(disk.mountpoint)
+                except OSError as err:
+                    if GITHUB_ACTIONS and MACOS and err.errno == errno.EIO:
+                        continue
+                    # http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/
+                    #     2012-June/120787.html
+                    if err.errno not in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
+                        raise
+                else:
+                    assert os.path.exists(disk.mountpoint), disk
+
+        # ---
+
+        def find_mount_point(path):
+            path = os.path.abspath(path)
+            while not os.path.ismount(path):
+                path = os.path.dirname(path)
+            return path.lower()
+
+        mount = find_mount_point(__file__)
+        mounts = [
+            x.mountpoint.lower()
+            for x in psutil.disk_partitions(all=True)
+            if x.mountpoint
+        ]
+        assert mount in mounts
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        LINUX and not os.path.exists('/proc/diskstats'),
+        reason="/proc/diskstats not available on this linux version",
+    )
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        CI_TESTING and not psutil.disk_io_counters(), reason="unreliable on CI"
+    )  # no visible disks
+    def test_disk_io_counters(self):
+        def check_ntuple(nt):
+            assert nt[0] == nt.read_count
+            assert nt[1] == nt.write_count
+            assert nt[2] == nt.read_bytes
+            assert nt[3] == nt.write_bytes
+            if not (OPENBSD or NETBSD):
+                assert nt[4] == nt.read_time
+                assert nt[5] == nt.write_time
+                if LINUX:
+                    assert nt[6] == nt.read_merged_count
+                    assert nt[7] == nt.write_merged_count
+                    assert nt[8] == nt.busy_time
+                elif FREEBSD:
+                    assert nt[6] == nt.busy_time
+            for name in nt._fields:
+                assert getattr(nt, name) >= 0, nt
+
+        ret = psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=False)
+        assert ret is not None, "no disks on this system?"
+        check_ntuple(ret)
+        ret = psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=True)
+        # make sure there are no duplicates
+        assert len(ret) == len(set(ret))
+        for key in ret:
+            assert key, key
+            check_ntuple(ret[key])
+
+    def test_disk_io_counters_no_disks(self):
+        # Emulate a case where no disks are installed, see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1062
+        with mock.patch(
+            'psutil._psplatform.disk_io_counters', return_value={}
+        ) as m:
+            assert psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=False) is None
+            assert psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=True) == {}
+            assert m.called
+
+
+class TestNetAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS, reason="not supported")
+    def test_net_io_counters(self):
+        def check_ntuple(nt):
+            assert nt[0] == nt.bytes_sent
+            assert nt[1] == nt.bytes_recv
+            assert nt[2] == nt.packets_sent
+            assert nt[3] == nt.packets_recv
+            assert nt[4] == nt.errin
+            assert nt[5] == nt.errout
+            assert nt[6] == nt.dropin
+            assert nt[7] == nt.dropout
+            assert nt.bytes_sent >= 0, nt
+            assert nt.bytes_recv >= 0, nt
+            assert nt.packets_sent >= 0, nt
+            assert nt.packets_recv >= 0, nt
+            assert nt.errin >= 0, nt
+            assert nt.errout >= 0, nt
+            assert nt.dropin >= 0, nt
+            assert nt.dropout >= 0, nt
+
+        ret = psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=False)
+        check_ntuple(ret)
+        ret = psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True)
+        assert ret != []
+        for key in ret:
+            assert key
+            assert isinstance(key, str)
+            check_ntuple(ret[key])
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS, reason="not supported")
+    def test_net_io_counters_no_nics(self):
+        # Emulate a case where no NICs are installed, see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1062
+        with mock.patch(
+            'psutil._psplatform.net_io_counters', return_value={}
+        ) as m:
+            assert psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=False) is None
+            assert psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True) == {}
+            assert m.called
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(QEMU_USER, reason="QEMU user not supported")
+    def test_net_if_addrs(self):
+        nics = psutil.net_if_addrs()
+        assert nics, nics
+
+        nic_stats = psutil.net_if_stats()
+
+        # Not reliable on all platforms (net_if_addrs() reports more
+        # interfaces).
+        # self.assertEqual(sorted(nics.keys()),
+        #                  sorted(psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True).keys()))
+
+        families = set([socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6, psutil.AF_LINK])
+        for nic, addrs in nics.items():
+            assert isinstance(nic, str)
+            assert len(set(addrs)) == len(addrs)
+            for addr in addrs:
+                assert isinstance(addr.family, int)
+                assert isinstance(addr.address, str)
+                assert isinstance(addr.netmask, (str, type(None)))
+                assert isinstance(addr.broadcast, (str, type(None)))
+                assert addr.family in families
+                if PY3 and not PYPY:
+                    assert isinstance(addr.family, enum.IntEnum)
+                if nic_stats[nic].isup:
+                    # Do not test binding to addresses of interfaces
+                    # that are down
+                    if addr.family == socket.AF_INET:
+                        s = socket.socket(addr.family)
+                        with contextlib.closing(s):
+                            s.bind((addr.address, 0))
+                    elif addr.family == socket.AF_INET6:
+                        info = socket.getaddrinfo(
+                            addr.address,
+                            0,
+                            socket.AF_INET6,
+                            socket.SOCK_STREAM,
+                            0,
+                            socket.AI_PASSIVE,
+                        )[0]
+                        af, socktype, proto, _canonname, sa = info
+                        s = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
+                        with contextlib.closing(s):
+                            s.bind(sa)
+                for ip in (
+                    addr.address,
+                    addr.netmask,
+                    addr.broadcast,
+                    addr.ptp,
+                ):
+                    if ip is not None:
+                        # TODO: skip AF_INET6 for now because I get:
+                        # AddressValueError: Only hex digits permitted in
+                        # u'c6f3%lxcbr0' in u'fe80::c8e0:fff:fe54:c6f3%lxcbr0'
+                        if addr.family != socket.AF_INET6:
+                            check_net_address(ip, addr.family)
+                # broadcast and ptp addresses are mutually exclusive
+                if addr.broadcast:
+                    assert addr.ptp is None
+                elif addr.ptp:
+                    assert addr.broadcast is None
+
+        if BSD or MACOS or SUNOS:
+            if hasattr(socket, "AF_LINK"):
+                assert psutil.AF_LINK == socket.AF_LINK
+        elif LINUX:
+            assert psutil.AF_LINK == socket.AF_PACKET
+        elif WINDOWS:
+            assert psutil.AF_LINK == -1
+
+    def test_net_if_addrs_mac_null_bytes(self):
+        # Simulate that the underlying C function returns an incomplete
+        # MAC address. psutil is supposed to fill it with null bytes.
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/786
+        if POSIX:
+            ret = [('em1', psutil.AF_LINK, '06:3d:29', None, None, None)]
+        else:
+            ret = [('em1', -1, '06-3d-29', None, None, None)]
+        with mock.patch(
+            'psutil._psplatform.net_if_addrs', return_value=ret
+        ) as m:
+            addr = psutil.net_if_addrs()['em1'][0]
+            assert m.called
+            if POSIX:
+                assert addr.address == '06:3d:29:00:00:00'
+            else:
+                assert addr.address == '06-3d-29-00-00-00'
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(QEMU_USER, reason="QEMU user not supported")
+    def test_net_if_stats(self):
+        nics = psutil.net_if_stats()
+        assert nics, nics
+        all_duplexes = (
+            psutil.NIC_DUPLEX_FULL,
+            psutil.NIC_DUPLEX_HALF,
+            psutil.NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN,
+        )
+        for name, stats in nics.items():
+            assert isinstance(name, str)
+            isup, duplex, speed, mtu, flags = stats
+            assert isinstance(isup, bool)
+            assert duplex in all_duplexes
+            assert duplex in all_duplexes
+            assert speed >= 0
+            assert mtu >= 0
+            assert isinstance(flags, str)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        not (LINUX or BSD or MACOS), reason="LINUX or BSD or MACOS specific"
+    )
+    def test_net_if_stats_enodev(self):
+        # See: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1279
+        with mock.patch(
+            'psutil._psutil_posix.net_if_mtu',
+            side_effect=OSError(errno.ENODEV, ""),
+        ) as m:
+            ret = psutil.net_if_stats()
+            assert ret == {}
+            assert m.called
+
+
+class TestSensorsAPIs(PsutilTestCase):
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_SENSORS_TEMPERATURES, reason="not supported")
+    def test_sensors_temperatures(self):
+        temps = psutil.sensors_temperatures()
+        for name, entries in temps.items():
+            assert isinstance(name, str)
+            for entry in entries:
+                assert isinstance(entry.label, str)
+                if entry.current is not None:
+                    assert entry.current >= 0
+                if entry.high is not None:
+                    assert entry.high >= 0
+                if entry.critical is not None:
+                    assert entry.critical >= 0
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_SENSORS_TEMPERATURES, reason="not supported")
+    def test_sensors_temperatures_fahreneit(self):
+        d = {'coretemp': [('label', 50.0, 60.0, 70.0)]}
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.sensors_temperatures", return_value=d
+        ) as m:
+            temps = psutil.sensors_temperatures(fahrenheit=True)['coretemp'][0]
+            assert m.called
+            assert temps.current == 122.0
+            assert temps.high == 140.0
+            assert temps.critical == 158.0
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_SENSORS_BATTERY, reason="not supported")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_BATTERY, reason="no battery")
+    def test_sensors_battery(self):
+        ret = psutil.sensors_battery()
+        assert ret.percent >= 0
+        assert ret.percent <= 100
+        if ret.secsleft not in (
+            psutil.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN,
+            psutil.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED,
+        ):
+            assert ret.secsleft >= 0
+        else:
+            if ret.secsleft == psutil.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED:
+                assert ret.power_plugged
+        assert isinstance(ret.power_plugged, bool)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_SENSORS_FANS, reason="not supported")
+    def test_sensors_fans(self):
+        fans = psutil.sensors_fans()
+        for name, entries in fans.items():
+            assert isinstance(name, str)
+            for entry in entries:
+                assert isinstance(entry.label, str)
+                assert isinstance(entry.current, (int, long))
+                assert entry.current >= 0

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_testutils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,587 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Tests for testing utils (psutil.tests namespace)."""
+
+import collections
+import contextlib
+import errno
+import os
+import socket
+import stat
+import subprocess
+import textwrap
+import unittest
+import warnings
+
+import psutil
+import psutil.tests
+from psutil import FREEBSD
+from psutil import NETBSD
+from psutil import POSIX
+from psutil._common import open_binary
+from psutil._common import open_text
+from psutil._common import supports_ipv6
+from psutil._compat import PY3
+from psutil.tests import CI_TESTING
+from psutil.tests import COVERAGE
+from psutil.tests import HAS_NET_CONNECTIONS_UNIX
+from psutil.tests import HERE
+from psutil.tests import PYTHON_EXE
+from psutil.tests import PYTHON_EXE_ENV
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import TestMemoryLeak
+from psutil.tests import bind_socket
+from psutil.tests import bind_unix_socket
+from psutil.tests import call_until
+from psutil.tests import chdir
+from psutil.tests import create_sockets
+from psutil.tests import fake_pytest
+from psutil.tests import filter_proc_net_connections
+from psutil.tests import get_free_port
+from psutil.tests import is_namedtuple
+from psutil.tests import mock
+from psutil.tests import process_namespace
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import reap_children
+from psutil.tests import retry
+from psutil.tests import retry_on_failure
+from psutil.tests import safe_mkdir
+from psutil.tests import safe_rmpath
+from psutil.tests import system_namespace
+from psutil.tests import tcp_socketpair
+from psutil.tests import terminate
+from psutil.tests import unix_socketpair
+from psutil.tests import wait_for_file
+from psutil.tests import wait_for_pid
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- Unit tests for test utilities.
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class TestRetryDecorator(PsutilTestCase):
+    @mock.patch('time.sleep')
+    def test_retry_success(self, sleep):
+        # Fail 3 times out of 5; make sure the decorated fun returns.
+
+        @retry(retries=5, interval=1, logfun=None)
+        def foo():
+            while queue:
+                queue.pop()
+                1 / 0  # noqa
+            return 1
+
+        queue = list(range(3))
+        assert foo() == 1
+        assert sleep.call_count == 3
+
+    @mock.patch('time.sleep')
+    def test_retry_failure(self, sleep):
+        # Fail 6 times out of 5; th function is supposed to raise exc.
+        @retry(retries=5, interval=1, logfun=None)
+        def foo():
+            while queue:
+                queue.pop()
+                1 / 0  # noqa
+            return 1
+
+        queue = list(range(6))
+        with pytest.raises(ZeroDivisionError):
+            foo()
+        assert sleep.call_count == 5
+
+    @mock.patch('time.sleep')
+    def test_exception_arg(self, sleep):
+        @retry(exception=ValueError, interval=1)
+        def foo():
+            raise TypeError
+
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+            foo()
+        assert sleep.call_count == 0
+
+    @mock.patch('time.sleep')
+    def test_no_interval_arg(self, sleep):
+        # if interval is not specified sleep is not supposed to be called
+
+        @retry(retries=5, interval=None, logfun=None)
+        def foo():
+            1 / 0  # noqa
+
+        with pytest.raises(ZeroDivisionError):
+            foo()
+        assert sleep.call_count == 0
+
+    @mock.patch('time.sleep')
+    def test_retries_arg(self, sleep):
+        @retry(retries=5, interval=1, logfun=None)
+        def foo():
+            1 / 0  # noqa
+
+        with pytest.raises(ZeroDivisionError):
+            foo()
+        assert sleep.call_count == 5
+
+    @mock.patch('time.sleep')
+    def test_retries_and_timeout_args(self, sleep):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            retry(retries=5, timeout=1)
+
+
+class TestSyncTestUtils(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_wait_for_pid(self):
+        wait_for_pid(os.getpid())
+        nopid = max(psutil.pids()) + 99999
+        with mock.patch('psutil.tests.retry.__iter__', return_value=iter([0])):
+            with pytest.raises(psutil.NoSuchProcess):
+                wait_for_pid(nopid)
+
+    def test_wait_for_file(self):
+        testfn = self.get_testfn()
+        with open(testfn, 'w') as f:
+            f.write('foo')
+        wait_for_file(testfn)
+        assert not os.path.exists(testfn)
+
+    def test_wait_for_file_empty(self):
+        testfn = self.get_testfn()
+        with open(testfn, 'w'):
+            pass
+        wait_for_file(testfn, empty=True)
+        assert not os.path.exists(testfn)
+
+    def test_wait_for_file_no_file(self):
+        testfn = self.get_testfn()
+        with mock.patch('psutil.tests.retry.__iter__', return_value=iter([0])):
+            with pytest.raises(IOError):
+                wait_for_file(testfn)
+
+    def test_wait_for_file_no_delete(self):
+        testfn = self.get_testfn()
+        with open(testfn, 'w') as f:
+            f.write('foo')
+        wait_for_file(testfn, delete=False)
+        assert os.path.exists(testfn)
+
+    def test_call_until(self):
+        call_until(lambda: 1)
+        # TODO: test for timeout
+
+
+class TestFSTestUtils(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_open_text(self):
+        with open_text(__file__) as f:
+            assert f.mode == 'r'
+
+    def test_open_binary(self):
+        with open_binary(__file__) as f:
+            assert f.mode == 'rb'
+
+    def test_safe_mkdir(self):
+        testfn = self.get_testfn()
+        safe_mkdir(testfn)
+        assert os.path.isdir(testfn)
+        safe_mkdir(testfn)
+        assert os.path.isdir(testfn)
+
+    def test_safe_rmpath(self):
+        # test file is removed
+        testfn = self.get_testfn()
+        open(testfn, 'w').close()
+        safe_rmpath(testfn)
+        assert not os.path.exists(testfn)
+        # test no exception if path does not exist
+        safe_rmpath(testfn)
+        # test dir is removed
+        os.mkdir(testfn)
+        safe_rmpath(testfn)
+        assert not os.path.exists(testfn)
+        # test other exceptions are raised
+        with mock.patch(
+            'psutil.tests.os.stat', side_effect=OSError(errno.EINVAL, "")
+        ) as m:
+            with pytest.raises(OSError):
+                safe_rmpath(testfn)
+            assert m.called
+
+    def test_chdir(self):
+        testfn = self.get_testfn()
+        base = os.getcwd()
+        os.mkdir(testfn)
+        with chdir(testfn):
+            assert os.getcwd() == os.path.join(base, testfn)
+        assert os.getcwd() == base
+
+
+class TestProcessUtils(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_reap_children(self):
+        subp = self.spawn_testproc()
+        p = psutil.Process(subp.pid)
+        assert p.is_running()
+        reap_children()
+        assert not p.is_running()
+        assert not psutil.tests._pids_started
+        assert not psutil.tests._subprocesses_started
+
+    def test_spawn_children_pair(self):
+        child, grandchild = self.spawn_children_pair()
+        assert child.pid != grandchild.pid
+        assert child.is_running()
+        assert grandchild.is_running()
+        children = psutil.Process().children()
+        assert children == [child]
+        children = psutil.Process().children(recursive=True)
+        assert len(children) == 2
+        assert child in children
+        assert grandchild in children
+        assert child.ppid() == os.getpid()
+        assert grandchild.ppid() == child.pid
+
+        terminate(child)
+        assert not child.is_running()
+        assert grandchild.is_running()
+
+        terminate(grandchild)
+        assert not grandchild.is_running()
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    def test_spawn_zombie(self):
+        _parent, zombie = self.spawn_zombie()
+        assert zombie.status() == psutil.STATUS_ZOMBIE
+
+    def test_terminate(self):
+        # by subprocess.Popen
+        p = self.spawn_testproc()
+        terminate(p)
+        self.assertPidGone(p.pid)
+        terminate(p)
+        # by psutil.Process
+        p = psutil.Process(self.spawn_testproc().pid)
+        terminate(p)
+        self.assertPidGone(p.pid)
+        terminate(p)
+        # by psutil.Popen
+        cmd = [
+            PYTHON_EXE,
+            "-c",
+            "import time; [time.sleep(0.1) for x in range(100)];",
+        ]
+        p = psutil.Popen(
+            cmd,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+            env=PYTHON_EXE_ENV,
+        )
+        terminate(p)
+        self.assertPidGone(p.pid)
+        terminate(p)
+        # by PID
+        pid = self.spawn_testproc().pid
+        terminate(pid)
+        self.assertPidGone(p.pid)
+        terminate(pid)
+        # zombie
+        if POSIX:
+            parent, zombie = self.spawn_zombie()
+            terminate(parent)
+            terminate(zombie)
+            self.assertPidGone(parent.pid)
+            self.assertPidGone(zombie.pid)
+
+
+class TestNetUtils(PsutilTestCase):
+    def bind_socket(self):
+        port = get_free_port()
+        with contextlib.closing(bind_socket(addr=('', port))) as s:
+            assert s.getsockname()[1] == port
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    def test_bind_unix_socket(self):
+        name = self.get_testfn()
+        sock = bind_unix_socket(name)
+        with contextlib.closing(sock):
+            assert sock.family == socket.AF_UNIX
+            assert sock.type == socket.SOCK_STREAM
+            assert sock.getsockname() == name
+            assert os.path.exists(name)
+            assert stat.S_ISSOCK(os.stat(name).st_mode)
+        # UDP
+        name = self.get_testfn()
+        sock = bind_unix_socket(name, type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+        with contextlib.closing(sock):
+            assert sock.type == socket.SOCK_DGRAM
+
+    def tcp_tcp_socketpair(self):
+        addr = ("127.0.0.1", get_free_port())
+        server, client = tcp_socketpair(socket.AF_INET, addr=addr)
+        with contextlib.closing(server):
+            with contextlib.closing(client):
+                # Ensure they are connected and the positions are
+                # correct.
+                assert server.getsockname() == addr
+                assert client.getpeername() == addr
+                assert client.getsockname() != addr
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        NETBSD or FREEBSD, reason="/var/run/log UNIX socket opened by default"
+    )
+    def test_unix_socketpair(self):
+        p = psutil.Process()
+        num_fds = p.num_fds()
+        assert (
+            filter_proc_net_connections(p.net_connections(kind='unix')) == []
+        )
+        name = self.get_testfn()
+        server, client = unix_socketpair(name)
+        try:
+            assert os.path.exists(name)
+            assert stat.S_ISSOCK(os.stat(name).st_mode)
+            assert p.num_fds() - num_fds == 2
+            assert (
+                len(
+                    filter_proc_net_connections(p.net_connections(kind='unix'))
+                )
+                == 2
+            )
+            assert server.getsockname() == name
+            assert client.getpeername() == name
+        finally:
+            client.close()
+            server.close()
+
+    def test_create_sockets(self):
+        with create_sockets() as socks:
+            fams = collections.defaultdict(int)
+            types = collections.defaultdict(int)
+            for s in socks:
+                fams[s.family] += 1
+                # work around http://bugs.python.org/issue30204
+                types[s.getsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_TYPE)] += 1
+            assert fams[socket.AF_INET] >= 2
+            if supports_ipv6():
+                assert fams[socket.AF_INET6] >= 2
+            if POSIX and HAS_NET_CONNECTIONS_UNIX:
+                assert fams[socket.AF_UNIX] >= 2
+            assert types[socket.SOCK_STREAM] >= 2
+            assert types[socket.SOCK_DGRAM] >= 2
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="serial")
+class TestMemLeakClass(TestMemoryLeak):
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_times(self):
+        def fun():
+            cnt['cnt'] += 1
+
+        cnt = {'cnt': 0}
+        self.execute(fun, times=10, warmup_times=15)
+        assert cnt['cnt'] == 26
+
+    def test_param_err(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            self.execute(lambda: 0, times=0)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            self.execute(lambda: 0, times=-1)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            self.execute(lambda: 0, warmup_times=-1)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            self.execute(lambda: 0, tolerance=-1)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            self.execute(lambda: 0, retries=-1)
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(CI_TESTING, reason="skipped on CI")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(COVERAGE, reason="skipped during test coverage")
+    def test_leak_mem(self):
+        ls = []
+
+        def fun(ls=ls):
+            ls.append("x" * 248 * 1024)
+
+        try:
+            # will consume around 60M in total
+            with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match="extra-mem"):
+                self.execute(fun, times=100)
+        finally:
+            del ls
+
+    def test_unclosed_files(self):
+        def fun():
+            f = open(__file__)
+            self.addCleanup(f.close)
+            box.append(f)
+
+        box = []
+        kind = "fd" if POSIX else "handle"
+        with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match="unclosed " + kind):
+            self.execute(fun)
+
+    def test_tolerance(self):
+        def fun():
+            ls.append("x" * 24 * 1024)
+
+        ls = []
+        times = 100
+        self.execute(
+            fun, times=times, warmup_times=0, tolerance=200 * 1024 * 1024
+        )
+        assert len(ls) == times + 1
+
+    def test_execute_w_exc(self):
+        def fun_1():
+            1 / 0  # noqa
+
+        self.execute_w_exc(ZeroDivisionError, fun_1)
+        with pytest.raises(ZeroDivisionError):
+            self.execute_w_exc(OSError, fun_1)
+
+        def fun_2():
+            pass
+
+        with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+            self.execute_w_exc(ZeroDivisionError, fun_2)
+
+
+class TestFakePytest(PsutilTestCase):
+    def run_test_class(self, klass):
+        suite = unittest.TestSuite()
+        suite.addTest(klass)
+        runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()
+        result = runner.run(suite)
+        return result
+
+    def test_raises(self):
+        with fake_pytest.raises(ZeroDivisionError) as cm:
+            1 / 0  # noqa
+        assert isinstance(cm.value, ZeroDivisionError)
+
+        with fake_pytest.raises(ValueError, match="foo") as cm:
+            raise ValueError("foo")
+
+        try:
+            with fake_pytest.raises(ValueError, match="foo") as cm:
+                raise ValueError("bar")
+        except AssertionError as err:
+            assert str(err) == '"foo" does not match "bar"'
+        else:
+            raise self.fail("exception not raised")
+
+    def test_mark(self):
+        @fake_pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="serial")
+        def foo():
+            return 1
+
+        assert foo() == 1
+
+        @fake_pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="serial")
+        class Foo:
+            def bar(self):
+                return 1
+
+        assert Foo().bar() == 1
+
+    def test_skipif(self):
+        class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
+            @fake_pytest.mark.skipif(True, reason="reason")
+            def foo(self):
+                assert 1 == 1  # noqa
+
+        result = self.run_test_class(TestCase("foo"))
+        assert result.wasSuccessful()
+        assert len(result.skipped) == 1
+        assert result.skipped[0][1] == "reason"
+
+        class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
+            @fake_pytest.mark.skipif(False, reason="reason")
+            def foo(self):
+                assert 1 == 1  # noqa
+
+        result = self.run_test_class(TestCase("foo"))
+        assert result.wasSuccessful()
+        assert len(result.skipped) == 0
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not PY3, reason="not PY3")
+    def test_skip(self):
+        class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
+            def foo(self):
+                fake_pytest.skip("reason")
+                assert 1 == 0  # noqa
+
+        result = self.run_test_class(TestCase("foo"))
+        assert result.wasSuccessful()
+        assert len(result.skipped) == 1
+        assert result.skipped[0][1] == "reason"
+
+    def test_main(self):
+        tmpdir = self.get_testfn(dir=HERE)
+        os.mkdir(tmpdir)
+        with open(os.path.join(tmpdir, "__init__.py"), "w"):
+            pass
+        with open(os.path.join(tmpdir, "test_file.py"), "w") as f:
+            f.write(textwrap.dedent("""\
+                import unittest
+
+                class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
+                    def test_passed(self):
+                        pass
+                """).lstrip())
+        with mock.patch.object(psutil.tests, "HERE", tmpdir):
+            with self.assertWarnsRegex(
+                UserWarning, "Fake pytest module was used"
+            ):
+                suite = fake_pytest.main()
+                assert suite.countTestCases() == 1
+
+    def test_warns(self):
+        # success
+        with fake_pytest.warns(UserWarning):
+            warnings.warn("foo", UserWarning, stacklevel=1)
+
+        # failure
+        try:
+            with fake_pytest.warns(UserWarning):
+                warnings.warn("foo", DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=1)
+        except AssertionError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            raise self.fail("exception not raised")
+
+        # match success
+        with fake_pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="foo"):
+            warnings.warn("foo", UserWarning, stacklevel=1)
+
+        # match failure
+        try:
+            with fake_pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="foo"):
+                warnings.warn("bar", UserWarning, stacklevel=1)
+        except AssertionError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            raise self.fail("exception not raised")
+
+
+class TestTestingUtils(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_process_namespace(self):
+        p = psutil.Process()
+        ns = process_namespace(p)
+        ns.test()
+        fun = [x for x in ns.iter(ns.getters) if x[1] == 'ppid'][0][0]
+        assert fun() == p.ppid()
+
+    def test_system_namespace(self):
+        ns = system_namespace()
+        fun = [x for x in ns.iter(ns.getters) if x[1] == 'net_if_addrs'][0][0]
+        assert fun() == psutil.net_if_addrs()
+
+
+class TestOtherUtils(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_is_namedtuple(self):
+        assert is_namedtuple(collections.namedtuple('foo', 'a b c')(1, 2, 3))
+        assert not is_namedtuple(tuple())

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_unicode.py

@@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Notes about unicode handling in psutil
+======================================.
+
+Starting from version 5.3.0 psutil adds unicode support, see:
+https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1040
+The notes below apply to *any* API returning a string such as
+process exe(), cwd() or username():
+
+* all strings are encoded by using the OS filesystem encoding
+  (sys.getfilesystemencoding()) which varies depending on the platform
+  (e.g. "UTF-8" on macOS, "mbcs" on Win)
+* no API call is supposed to crash with UnicodeDecodeError
+* instead, in case of badly encoded data returned by the OS, the
+  following error handlers are used to replace the corrupted characters in
+  the string:
+    * Python 3: sys.getfilesystemencodeerrors() (PY 3.6+) or
+      "surrogatescape" on POSIX and "replace" on Windows
+    * Python 2: "replace"
+* on Python 2 all APIs return bytes (str type), never unicode
+* on Python 2, you can go back to unicode by doing:
+
+    >>> unicode(p.exe(), sys.getdefaultencoding(), errors="replace")
+
+For a detailed explanation of how psutil handles unicode see #1040.
+
+Tests
+=====
+
+List of APIs returning or dealing with a string:
+('not tested' means they are not tested to deal with non-ASCII strings):
+
+* Process.cmdline()
+* Process.cwd()
+* Process.environ()
+* Process.exe()
+* Process.memory_maps()
+* Process.name()
+* Process.net_connections('unix')
+* Process.open_files()
+* Process.username()             (not tested)
+
+* disk_io_counters()             (not tested)
+* disk_partitions()              (not tested)
+* disk_usage(str)
+* net_connections('unix')
+* net_if_addrs()                 (not tested)
+* net_if_stats()                 (not tested)
+* net_io_counters()              (not tested)
+* sensors_fans()                 (not tested)
+* sensors_temperatures()         (not tested)
+* users()                        (not tested)
+
+* WindowsService.binpath()       (not tested)
+* WindowsService.description()   (not tested)
+* WindowsService.display_name()  (not tested)
+* WindowsService.name()          (not tested)
+* WindowsService.status()        (not tested)
+* WindowsService.username()      (not tested)
+
+In here we create a unicode path with a funky non-ASCII name and (where
+possible) make psutil return it back (e.g. on name(), exe(), open_files(),
+etc.) and make sure that:
+
+* psutil never crashes with UnicodeDecodeError
+* the returned path matches
+"""
+
+import os
+import shutil
+import traceback
+import warnings
+from contextlib import closing
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import BSD
+from psutil import POSIX
+from psutil import WINDOWS
+from psutil._compat import PY3
+from psutil._compat import super
+from psutil.tests import APPVEYOR
+from psutil.tests import ASCII_FS
+from psutil.tests import CI_TESTING
+from psutil.tests import HAS_ENVIRON
+from psutil.tests import HAS_MEMORY_MAPS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_NET_CONNECTIONS_UNIX
+from psutil.tests import INVALID_UNICODE_SUFFIX
+from psutil.tests import PYPY
+from psutil.tests import TESTFN_PREFIX
+from psutil.tests import UNICODE_SUFFIX
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import bind_unix_socket
+from psutil.tests import chdir
+from psutil.tests import copyload_shared_lib
+from psutil.tests import create_py_exe
+from psutil.tests import get_testfn
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import safe_mkdir
+from psutil.tests import safe_rmpath
+from psutil.tests import skip_on_access_denied
+from psutil.tests import spawn_testproc
+from psutil.tests import terminate
+
+
+if APPVEYOR:
+
+    def safe_rmpath(path):  # NOQA
+        # TODO - this is quite random and I'm not sure why it happens,
+        # nor I can reproduce it locally:
+        # https://ci.appveyor.com/project/giampaolo/psutil/build/job/
+        #     jiq2cgd6stsbtn60
+        # safe_rmpath() happens after reap_children() so this is weird
+        # Perhaps wait_procs() on Windows is broken? Maybe because
+        # of STILL_ACTIVE?
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/blob/
+        #     68c7a70728a31d8b8b58f4be6c4c0baa2f449eda/psutil/arch/
+        #     windows/process_info.c#L146
+        from psutil.tests import safe_rmpath as rm
+
+        try:
+            return rm(path)
+        except WindowsError:
+            traceback.print_exc()
+
+
+def try_unicode(suffix):
+    """Return True if both the fs and the subprocess module can
+    deal with a unicode file name.
+    """
+    sproc = None
+    testfn = get_testfn(suffix=suffix)
+    try:
+        safe_rmpath(testfn)
+        create_py_exe(testfn)
+        sproc = spawn_testproc(cmd=[testfn])
+        shutil.copyfile(testfn, testfn + '-2')
+        safe_rmpath(testfn + '-2')
+    except (UnicodeEncodeError, IOError):
+        return False
+    else:
+        return True
+    finally:
+        if sproc is not None:
+            terminate(sproc)
+        safe_rmpath(testfn)
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# FS APIs
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class BaseUnicodeTest(PsutilTestCase):
+    funky_suffix = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        super().setUpClass()
+        cls.skip_tests = False
+        cls.funky_name = None
+        if cls.funky_suffix is not None:
+            if not try_unicode(cls.funky_suffix):
+                cls.skip_tests = True
+            else:
+                cls.funky_name = get_testfn(suffix=cls.funky_suffix)
+                create_py_exe(cls.funky_name)
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        super().setUp()
+        if self.skip_tests:
+            raise pytest.skip("can't handle unicode str")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="serial")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(ASCII_FS, reason="ASCII fs")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(PYPY and not PY3, reason="too much trouble on PYPY2")
+class TestFSAPIs(BaseUnicodeTest):
+    """Test FS APIs with a funky, valid, UTF8 path name."""
+
+    funky_suffix = UNICODE_SUFFIX
+
+    def expect_exact_path_match(self):
+        # Do not expect psutil to correctly handle unicode paths on
+        # Python 2 if os.listdir() is not able either.
+        here = '.' if isinstance(self.funky_name, str) else u'.'
+        with warnings.catch_warnings():
+            warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
+            return self.funky_name in os.listdir(here)
+
+    # ---
+
+    def test_proc_exe(self):
+        cmd = [
+            self.funky_name,
+            "-c",
+            "import time; [time.sleep(0.1) for x in range(100)]",
+        ]
+        subp = self.spawn_testproc(cmd)
+        p = psutil.Process(subp.pid)
+        exe = p.exe()
+        assert isinstance(exe, str)
+        if self.expect_exact_path_match():
+            assert os.path.normcase(exe) == os.path.normcase(self.funky_name)
+
+    def test_proc_name(self):
+        cmd = [
+            self.funky_name,
+            "-c",
+            "import time; [time.sleep(0.1) for x in range(100)]",
+        ]
+        subp = self.spawn_testproc(cmd)
+        name = psutil.Process(subp.pid).name()
+        assert isinstance(name, str)
+        if self.expect_exact_path_match():
+            assert name == os.path.basename(self.funky_name)
+
+    def test_proc_cmdline(self):
+        cmd = [
+            self.funky_name,
+            "-c",
+            "import time; [time.sleep(0.1) for x in range(100)]",
+        ]
+        subp = self.spawn_testproc(cmd)
+        p = psutil.Process(subp.pid)
+        cmdline = p.cmdline()
+        for part in cmdline:
+            assert isinstance(part, str)
+        if self.expect_exact_path_match():
+            assert cmdline == cmd
+
+    def test_proc_cwd(self):
+        dname = self.funky_name + "2"
+        self.addCleanup(safe_rmpath, dname)
+        safe_mkdir(dname)
+        with chdir(dname):
+            p = psutil.Process()
+            cwd = p.cwd()
+        assert isinstance(p.cwd(), str)
+        if self.expect_exact_path_match():
+            assert cwd == dname
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(PYPY and WINDOWS, reason="fails on PYPY + WINDOWS")
+    def test_proc_open_files(self):
+        p = psutil.Process()
+        start = set(p.open_files())
+        with open(self.funky_name, 'rb'):
+            new = set(p.open_files())
+        path = (new - start).pop().path
+        assert isinstance(path, str)
+        if BSD and not path:
+            # XXX - see https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/595
+            raise pytest.skip("open_files on BSD is broken")
+        if self.expect_exact_path_match():
+            assert os.path.normcase(path) == os.path.normcase(self.funky_name)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    def test_proc_net_connections(self):
+        name = self.get_testfn(suffix=self.funky_suffix)
+        try:
+            sock = bind_unix_socket(name)
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            if PY3:
+                raise
+            else:
+                raise pytest.skip("not supported")
+        with closing(sock):
+            conn = psutil.Process().net_connections('unix')[0]
+            assert isinstance(conn.laddr, str)
+            assert conn.laddr == name
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not POSIX, reason="POSIX only")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        not HAS_NET_CONNECTIONS_UNIX, reason="can't list UNIX sockets"
+    )
+    @skip_on_access_denied()
+    def test_net_connections(self):
+        def find_sock(cons):
+            for conn in cons:
+                if os.path.basename(conn.laddr).startswith(TESTFN_PREFIX):
+                    return conn
+            raise ValueError("connection not found")
+
+        name = self.get_testfn(suffix=self.funky_suffix)
+        try:
+            sock = bind_unix_socket(name)
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            if PY3:
+                raise
+            else:
+                raise pytest.skip("not supported")
+        with closing(sock):
+            cons = psutil.net_connections(kind='unix')
+            conn = find_sock(cons)
+            assert isinstance(conn.laddr, str)
+            assert conn.laddr == name
+
+    def test_disk_usage(self):
+        dname = self.funky_name + "2"
+        self.addCleanup(safe_rmpath, dname)
+        safe_mkdir(dname)
+        psutil.disk_usage(dname)
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_MEMORY_MAPS, reason="not supported")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        not PY3, reason="ctypes does not support unicode on PY2"
+    )
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(PYPY, reason="unstable on PYPY")
+    def test_memory_maps(self):
+        # XXX: on Python 2, using ctypes.CDLL with a unicode path
+        # opens a message box which blocks the test run.
+        with copyload_shared_lib(suffix=self.funky_suffix) as funky_path:
+
+            def normpath(p):
+                return os.path.realpath(os.path.normcase(p))
+
+            libpaths = [
+                normpath(x.path) for x in psutil.Process().memory_maps()
+            ]
+            # ...just to have a clearer msg in case of failure
+            libpaths = [x for x in libpaths if TESTFN_PREFIX in x]
+            assert normpath(funky_path) in libpaths
+            for path in libpaths:
+                assert isinstance(path, str)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(CI_TESTING, reason="unreliable on CI")
+class TestFSAPIsWithInvalidPath(TestFSAPIs):
+    """Test FS APIs with a funky, invalid path name."""
+
+    funky_suffix = INVALID_UNICODE_SUFFIX
+
+    def expect_exact_path_match(self):
+        # Invalid unicode names are supposed to work on Python 2.
+        return True
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# Non fs APIs
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class TestNonFSAPIS(BaseUnicodeTest):
+    """Unicode tests for non fs-related APIs."""
+
+    funky_suffix = UNICODE_SUFFIX if PY3 else 'è'
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_ENVIRON, reason="not supported")
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(PYPY and WINDOWS, reason="segfaults on PYPY + WINDOWS")
+    def test_proc_environ(self):
+        # Note: differently from others, this test does not deal
+        # with fs paths. On Python 2 subprocess module is broken as
+        # it's not able to handle with non-ASCII env vars, so
+        # we use "è", which is part of the extended ASCII table
+        # (unicode point <= 255).
+        env = os.environ.copy()
+        env['FUNNY_ARG'] = self.funky_suffix
+        sproc = self.spawn_testproc(env=env)
+        p = psutil.Process(sproc.pid)
+        env = p.environ()
+        for k, v in env.items():
+            assert isinstance(k, str)
+            assert isinstance(v, str)
+        assert env['FUNNY_ARG'] == self.funky_suffix

env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/psutil/tests/test_windows.py

@@ -0,0 +1,934 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Windows specific tests."""
+
+import datetime
+import errno
+import glob
+import os
+import platform
+import re
+import signal
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import time
+import warnings
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import WINDOWS
+from psutil._compat import FileNotFoundError
+from psutil._compat import super
+from psutil._compat import which
+from psutil.tests import APPVEYOR
+from psutil.tests import GITHUB_ACTIONS
+from psutil.tests import HAS_BATTERY
+from psutil.tests import IS_64BIT
+from psutil.tests import PY3
+from psutil.tests import PYPY
+from psutil.tests import TOLERANCE_DISK_USAGE
+from psutil.tests import TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+from psutil.tests import PsutilTestCase
+from psutil.tests import mock
+from psutil.tests import pytest
+from psutil.tests import retry_on_failure
+from psutil.tests import sh
+from psutil.tests import spawn_testproc
+from psutil.tests import terminate
+
+
+if WINDOWS and not PYPY:
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
+        import win32api  # requires "pip install pywin32"
+        import win32con
+        import win32process
+        import wmi  # requires "pip install wmi" / "make install-pydeps-test"
+
+if WINDOWS:
+    from psutil._pswindows import convert_oserror
+
+
+cext = psutil._psplatform.cext
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not WINDOWS, reason="WINDOWS only")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(PYPY, reason="pywin32 not available on PYPY")
+# https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1762#issuecomment-632892692
+@pytest.mark.skipif(
+    GITHUB_ACTIONS and not PY3, reason="pywin32 broken on GITHUB + PY2"
+)
+class WindowsTestCase(PsutilTestCase):
+    pass
+
+
+def powershell(cmd):
+    """Currently not used, but available just in case. Usage:
+
+    >>> powershell(
+        "Get-CIMInstance Win32_PageFileUsage | Select AllocatedBaseSize")
+    """
+    if not which("powershell.exe"):
+        raise pytest.skip("powershell.exe not available")
+    cmdline = (
+        'powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -NoLogo -NonInteractive '
+        + '-NoProfile -WindowStyle Hidden -Command "%s"' % cmd
+    )
+    return sh(cmdline)
+
+
+def wmic(path, what, converter=int):
+    """Currently not used, but available just in case. Usage:
+
+    >>> wmic("Win32_OperatingSystem", "FreePhysicalMemory")
+    2134124534
+    """
+    out = sh("wmic path %s get %s" % (path, what)).strip()
+    data = "".join(out.splitlines()[1:]).strip()  # get rid of the header
+    if converter is not None:
+        if "," in what:
+            return tuple([converter(x) for x in data.split()])
+        else:
+            return converter(data)
+    else:
+        return data
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# System APIs
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class TestCpuAPIs(WindowsTestCase):
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        'NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS' not in os.environ,
+        reason="NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS env var is not available",
+    )
+    def test_cpu_count_vs_NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS(self):
+        # Will likely fail on many-cores systems:
+        # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31209256
+        num_cpus = int(os.environ['NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS'])
+        assert num_cpus == psutil.cpu_count()
+
+    def test_cpu_count_vs_GetSystemInfo(self):
+        # Will likely fail on many-cores systems:
+        # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31209256
+        sys_value = win32api.GetSystemInfo()[5]
+        psutil_value = psutil.cpu_count()
+        assert sys_value == psutil_value
+
+    def test_cpu_count_logical_vs_wmi(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI()
+        procs = sum(
+            proc.NumberOfLogicalProcessors for proc in w.Win32_Processor()
+        )
+        assert psutil.cpu_count() == procs
+
+    def test_cpu_count_cores_vs_wmi(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI()
+        cores = sum(proc.NumberOfCores for proc in w.Win32_Processor())
+        assert psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) == cores
+
+    def test_cpu_count_vs_cpu_times(self):
+        assert psutil.cpu_count() == len(psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True))
+
+    def test_cpu_freq(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI()
+        proc = w.Win32_Processor()[0]
+        assert proc.CurrentClockSpeed == psutil.cpu_freq().current
+        assert proc.MaxClockSpeed == psutil.cpu_freq().max
+
+
+class TestSystemAPIs(WindowsTestCase):
+    def test_nic_names(self):
+        out = sh('ipconfig /all')
+        nics = psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True).keys()
+        for nic in nics:
+            if "pseudo-interface" in nic.replace(' ', '-').lower():
+                continue
+            if nic not in out:
+                raise self.fail(
+                    "%r nic wasn't found in 'ipconfig /all' output" % nic
+                )
+
+    def test_total_phymem(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_ComputerSystem()[0]
+        assert int(w.TotalPhysicalMemory) == psutil.virtual_memory().total
+
+    def test_free_phymem(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory()[0]
+        assert (
+            abs(int(w.AvailableBytes) - psutil.virtual_memory().free)
+            < TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM
+        )
+
+    def test_total_swapmem(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory()[0]
+        assert (
+            int(w.CommitLimit) - psutil.virtual_memory().total
+            == psutil.swap_memory().total
+        )
+        if psutil.swap_memory().total == 0:
+            assert psutil.swap_memory().free == 0
+            assert psutil.swap_memory().used == 0
+
+    def test_percent_swapmem(self):
+        if psutil.swap_memory().total > 0:
+            w = wmi.WMI().Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_PagingFile(Name="_Total")[0]
+            # calculate swap usage to percent
+            percentSwap = int(w.PercentUsage) * 100 / int(w.PercentUsage_Base)
+            # exact percent may change but should be reasonable
+            # assert within +/- 5% and between 0 and 100%
+            assert psutil.swap_memory().percent >= 0
+            assert abs(psutil.swap_memory().percent - percentSwap) < 5
+            assert psutil.swap_memory().percent <= 100
+
+    # @pytest.mark.skipif(wmi is None, reason="wmi module is not installed")
+    # def test__UPTIME(self):
+    #     # _UPTIME constant is not public but it is used internally
+    #     # as value to return for pid 0 creation time.
+    #     # WMI behaves the same.
+    #     w = wmi.WMI().Win32_Process(ProcessId=self.pid)[0]
+    #     p = psutil.Process(0)
+    #     wmic_create = str(w.CreationDate.split('.')[0])
+    #     psutil_create = time.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S",
+    #                                   time.localtime(p.create_time()))
+
+    # Note: this test is not very reliable
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(APPVEYOR, reason="test not relieable on appveyor")
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_pids(self):
+        # Note: this test might fail if the OS is starting/killing
+        # other processes in the meantime
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_Process()
+        wmi_pids = set([x.ProcessId for x in w])
+        psutil_pids = set(psutil.pids())
+        assert wmi_pids == psutil_pids
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_disks(self):
+        ps_parts = psutil.disk_partitions(all=True)
+        wmi_parts = wmi.WMI().Win32_LogicalDisk()
+        for ps_part in ps_parts:
+            for wmi_part in wmi_parts:
+                if ps_part.device.replace('\\', '') == wmi_part.DeviceID:
+                    if not ps_part.mountpoint:
+                        # this is usually a CD-ROM with no disk inserted
+                        break
+                    if 'cdrom' in ps_part.opts:
+                        break
+                    if ps_part.mountpoint.startswith('A:'):
+                        break  # floppy
+                    try:
+                        usage = psutil.disk_usage(ps_part.mountpoint)
+                    except FileNotFoundError:
+                        # usually this is the floppy
+                        break
+                    assert usage.total == int(wmi_part.Size)
+                    wmi_free = int(wmi_part.FreeSpace)
+                    assert usage.free == wmi_free
+                    # 10 MB tolerance
+                    if abs(usage.free - wmi_free) > 10 * 1024 * 1024:
+                        raise self.fail(
+                            "psutil=%s, wmi=%s" % (usage.free, wmi_free)
+                        )
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise self.fail("can't find partition %s" % repr(ps_part))
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_disk_usage(self):
+        for disk in psutil.disk_partitions():
+            if 'cdrom' in disk.opts:
+                continue
+            sys_value = win32api.GetDiskFreeSpaceEx(disk.mountpoint)
+            psutil_value = psutil.disk_usage(disk.mountpoint)
+            assert abs(sys_value[0] - psutil_value.free) < TOLERANCE_DISK_USAGE
+            assert (
+                abs(sys_value[1] - psutil_value.total) < TOLERANCE_DISK_USAGE
+            )
+            assert psutil_value.used == psutil_value.total - psutil_value.free
+
+    def test_disk_partitions(self):
+        sys_value = [
+            x + '\\'
+            for x in win32api.GetLogicalDriveStrings().split("\\\x00")
+            if x and not x.startswith('A:')
+        ]
+        psutil_value = [
+            x.mountpoint
+            for x in psutil.disk_partitions(all=True)
+            if not x.mountpoint.startswith('A:')
+        ]
+        assert sys_value == psutil_value
+
+    def test_net_if_stats(self):
+        ps_names = set(cext.net_if_stats())
+        wmi_adapters = wmi.WMI().Win32_NetworkAdapter()
+        wmi_names = set()
+        for wmi_adapter in wmi_adapters:
+            wmi_names.add(wmi_adapter.Name)
+            wmi_names.add(wmi_adapter.NetConnectionID)
+        assert ps_names & wmi_names, "no common entries in %s, %s" % (
+            ps_names,
+            wmi_names,
+        )
+
+    def test_boot_time(self):
+        wmi_os = wmi.WMI().Win32_OperatingSystem()
+        wmi_btime_str = wmi_os[0].LastBootUpTime.split('.')[0]
+        wmi_btime_dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(
+            wmi_btime_str, "%Y%m%d%H%M%S"
+        )
+        psutil_dt = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time())
+        diff = abs((wmi_btime_dt - psutil_dt).total_seconds())
+        assert diff <= 5
+
+    def test_boot_time_fluctuation(self):
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1007
+        with mock.patch('psutil._pswindows.cext.boot_time', return_value=5):
+            assert psutil.boot_time() == 5
+        with mock.patch('psutil._pswindows.cext.boot_time', return_value=4):
+            assert psutil.boot_time() == 5
+        with mock.patch('psutil._pswindows.cext.boot_time', return_value=6):
+            assert psutil.boot_time() == 5
+        with mock.patch('psutil._pswindows.cext.boot_time', return_value=333):
+            assert psutil.boot_time() == 333
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# sensors_battery()
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class TestSensorsBattery(WindowsTestCase):
+    def test_has_battery(self):
+        if win32api.GetPwrCapabilities()['SystemBatteriesPresent']:
+            assert psutil.sensors_battery() is not None
+        else:
+            assert psutil.sensors_battery() is None
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_BATTERY, reason="no battery")
+    def test_percent(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI()
+        battery_wmi = w.query('select * from Win32_Battery')[0]
+        battery_psutil = psutil.sensors_battery()
+        assert (
+            abs(battery_psutil.percent - battery_wmi.EstimatedChargeRemaining)
+            < 1
+        )
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_BATTERY, reason="no battery")
+    def test_power_plugged(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI()
+        battery_wmi = w.query('select * from Win32_Battery')[0]
+        battery_psutil = psutil.sensors_battery()
+        # Status codes:
+        # https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394074(v=vs.85).aspx
+        assert battery_psutil.power_plugged == (battery_wmi.BatteryStatus == 2)
+
+    def test_emulate_no_battery(self):
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._pswindows.cext.sensors_battery",
+            return_value=(0, 128, 0, 0),
+        ) as m:
+            assert psutil.sensors_battery() is None
+            assert m.called
+
+    def test_emulate_power_connected(self):
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._pswindows.cext.sensors_battery", return_value=(1, 0, 0, 0)
+        ) as m:
+            assert (
+                psutil.sensors_battery().secsleft
+                == psutil.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED
+            )
+            assert m.called
+
+    def test_emulate_power_charging(self):
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._pswindows.cext.sensors_battery", return_value=(0, 8, 0, 0)
+        ) as m:
+            assert (
+                psutil.sensors_battery().secsleft
+                == psutil.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED
+            )
+            assert m.called
+
+    def test_emulate_secs_left_unknown(self):
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._pswindows.cext.sensors_battery",
+            return_value=(0, 0, 0, -1),
+        ) as m:
+            assert (
+                psutil.sensors_battery().secsleft == psutil.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN
+            )
+            assert m.called
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# Process APIs
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class TestProcess(WindowsTestCase):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        cls.pid = spawn_testproc().pid
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        terminate(cls.pid)
+
+    def test_issue_24(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(0)
+        with pytest.raises(psutil.AccessDenied):
+            p.kill()
+
+    def test_special_pid(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(4)
+        assert p.name() == 'System'
+        # use __str__ to access all common Process properties to check
+        # that nothing strange happens
+        str(p)
+        p.username()
+        assert p.create_time() >= 0.0
+        try:
+            rss, _vms = p.memory_info()[:2]
+        except psutil.AccessDenied:
+            # expected on Windows Vista and Windows 7
+            if platform.uname()[1] not in ('vista', 'win-7', 'win7'):
+                raise
+        else:
+            assert rss > 0
+
+    def test_send_signal(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            p.send_signal(signal.SIGINT)
+
+    def test_num_handles_increment(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(os.getpid())
+        before = p.num_handles()
+        handle = win32api.OpenProcess(
+            win32con.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, win32con.FALSE, os.getpid()
+        )
+        after = p.num_handles()
+        assert after == before + 1
+        win32api.CloseHandle(handle)
+        assert p.num_handles() == before
+
+    def test_ctrl_signals(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(self.spawn_testproc().pid)
+        p.send_signal(signal.CTRL_C_EVENT)
+        p.send_signal(signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT)
+        p.kill()
+        p.wait()
+        with pytest.raises(psutil.NoSuchProcess):
+            p.send_signal(signal.CTRL_C_EVENT)
+        with pytest.raises(psutil.NoSuchProcess):
+            p.send_signal(signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT)
+
+    def test_username(self):
+        name = win32api.GetUserNameEx(win32con.NameSamCompatible)
+        if name.endswith('$'):
+            # When running as a service account (most likely to be
+            # NetworkService), these user name calculations don't produce the
+            # same result, causing the test to fail.
+            raise pytest.skip('running as service account')
+        assert psutil.Process().username() == name
+
+    def test_cmdline(self):
+        sys_value = re.sub('[ ]+', ' ', win32api.GetCommandLine()).strip()
+        psutil_value = ' '.join(psutil.Process().cmdline())
+        if sys_value[0] == '"' != psutil_value[0]:
+            # The PyWin32 command line may retain quotes around argv[0] if they
+            # were used unnecessarily, while psutil will omit them. So remove
+            # the first 2 quotes from sys_value if not in psutil_value.
+            # A path to an executable will not contain quotes, so this is safe.
+            sys_value = sys_value.replace('"', '', 2)
+        assert sys_value == psutil_value
+
+    # XXX - occasional failures
+
+    # def test_cpu_times(self):
+    #     handle = win32api.OpenProcess(win32con.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
+    #                                   win32con.FALSE, os.getpid())
+    #     self.addCleanup(win32api.CloseHandle, handle)
+    #     sys_value = win32process.GetProcessTimes(handle)
+    #     psutil_value = psutil.Process().cpu_times()
+    #     self.assertAlmostEqual(
+    #         psutil_value.user, sys_value['UserTime'] / 10000000.0,
+    #         delta=0.2)
+    #     self.assertAlmostEqual(
+    #         psutil_value.user, sys_value['KernelTime'] / 10000000.0,
+    #         delta=0.2)
+
+    def test_nice(self):
+        handle = win32api.OpenProcess(
+            win32con.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, win32con.FALSE, os.getpid()
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(win32api.CloseHandle, handle)
+        sys_value = win32process.GetPriorityClass(handle)
+        psutil_value = psutil.Process().nice()
+        assert psutil_value == sys_value
+
+    def test_memory_info(self):
+        handle = win32api.OpenProcess(
+            win32con.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, win32con.FALSE, self.pid
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(win32api.CloseHandle, handle)
+        sys_value = win32process.GetProcessMemoryInfo(handle)
+        psutil_value = psutil.Process(self.pid).memory_info()
+        assert sys_value['PeakWorkingSetSize'] == psutil_value.peak_wset
+        assert sys_value['WorkingSetSize'] == psutil_value.wset
+        assert (
+            sys_value['QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage']
+            == psutil_value.peak_paged_pool
+        )
+        assert sys_value['QuotaPagedPoolUsage'] == psutil_value.paged_pool
+        assert (
+            sys_value['QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage']
+            == psutil_value.peak_nonpaged_pool
+        )
+        assert (
+            sys_value['QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage'] == psutil_value.nonpaged_pool
+        )
+        assert sys_value['PagefileUsage'] == psutil_value.pagefile
+        assert sys_value['PeakPagefileUsage'] == psutil_value.peak_pagefile
+
+        assert psutil_value.rss == psutil_value.wset
+        assert psutil_value.vms == psutil_value.pagefile
+
+    def test_wait(self):
+        handle = win32api.OpenProcess(
+            win32con.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, win32con.FALSE, self.pid
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(win32api.CloseHandle, handle)
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        p.terminate()
+        psutil_value = p.wait()
+        sys_value = win32process.GetExitCodeProcess(handle)
+        assert psutil_value == sys_value
+
+    def test_cpu_affinity(self):
+        def from_bitmask(x):
+            return [i for i in range(64) if (1 << i) & x]
+
+        handle = win32api.OpenProcess(
+            win32con.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, win32con.FALSE, self.pid
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(win32api.CloseHandle, handle)
+        sys_value = from_bitmask(
+            win32process.GetProcessAffinityMask(handle)[0]
+        )
+        psutil_value = psutil.Process(self.pid).cpu_affinity()
+        assert psutil_value == sys_value
+
+    def test_io_counters(self):
+        handle = win32api.OpenProcess(
+            win32con.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, win32con.FALSE, os.getpid()
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(win32api.CloseHandle, handle)
+        sys_value = win32process.GetProcessIoCounters(handle)
+        psutil_value = psutil.Process().io_counters()
+        assert psutil_value.read_count == sys_value['ReadOperationCount']
+        assert psutil_value.write_count == sys_value['WriteOperationCount']
+        assert psutil_value.read_bytes == sys_value['ReadTransferCount']
+        assert psutil_value.write_bytes == sys_value['WriteTransferCount']
+        assert psutil_value.other_count == sys_value['OtherOperationCount']
+        assert psutil_value.other_bytes == sys_value['OtherTransferCount']
+
+    def test_num_handles(self):
+        import ctypes
+        import ctypes.wintypes
+
+        PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x400
+        handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.OpenProcess(
+            PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, 0, self.pid
+        )
+        self.addCleanup(ctypes.windll.kernel32.CloseHandle, handle)
+
+        hndcnt = ctypes.wintypes.DWORD()
+        ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetProcessHandleCount(
+            handle, ctypes.byref(hndcnt)
+        )
+        sys_value = hndcnt.value
+        psutil_value = psutil.Process(self.pid).num_handles()
+        assert psutil_value == sys_value
+
+    def test_error_partial_copy(self):
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/875
+        exc = WindowsError()
+        exc.winerror = 299
+        with mock.patch("psutil._psplatform.cext.proc_cwd", side_effect=exc):
+            with mock.patch("time.sleep") as m:
+                p = psutil.Process()
+                with pytest.raises(psutil.AccessDenied):
+                    p.cwd()
+        assert m.call_count >= 5
+
+    def test_exe(self):
+        # NtQuerySystemInformation succeeds if process is gone. Make sure
+        # it raises NSP for a non existent pid.
+        pid = psutil.pids()[-1] + 99999
+        proc = psutil._psplatform.Process(pid)
+        with pytest.raises(psutil.NoSuchProcess):
+            proc.exe()
+
+
+class TestProcessWMI(WindowsTestCase):
+    """Compare Process API results with WMI."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        cls.pid = spawn_testproc().pid
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        terminate(cls.pid)
+
+    def test_name(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_Process(ProcessId=self.pid)[0]
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        assert p.name() == w.Caption
+
+    # This fail on github because using virtualenv for test environment
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        GITHUB_ACTIONS, reason="unreliable path on GITHUB_ACTIONS"
+    )
+    def test_exe(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_Process(ProcessId=self.pid)[0]
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        # Note: wmi reports the exe as a lower case string.
+        # Being Windows paths case-insensitive we ignore that.
+        assert p.exe().lower() == w.ExecutablePath.lower()
+
+    def test_cmdline(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_Process(ProcessId=self.pid)[0]
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        assert ' '.join(p.cmdline()) == w.CommandLine.replace('"', '')
+
+    def test_username(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_Process(ProcessId=self.pid)[0]
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        domain, _, username = w.GetOwner()
+        username = "%s\\%s" % (domain, username)
+        assert p.username() == username
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_memory_rss(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_Process(ProcessId=self.pid)[0]
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        rss = p.memory_info().rss
+        assert rss == int(w.WorkingSetSize)
+
+    @retry_on_failure()
+    def test_memory_vms(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_Process(ProcessId=self.pid)[0]
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        vms = p.memory_info().vms
+        # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394372(VS.85).aspx
+        # ...claims that PageFileUsage is represented in Kilo
+        # bytes but funnily enough on certain platforms bytes are
+        # returned instead.
+        wmi_usage = int(w.PageFileUsage)
+        if vms not in (wmi_usage, wmi_usage * 1024):
+            raise self.fail("wmi=%s, psutil=%s" % (wmi_usage, vms))
+
+    def test_create_time(self):
+        w = wmi.WMI().Win32_Process(ProcessId=self.pid)[0]
+        p = psutil.Process(self.pid)
+        wmic_create = str(w.CreationDate.split('.')[0])
+        psutil_create = time.strftime(
+            "%Y%m%d%H%M%S", time.localtime(p.create_time())
+        )
+        assert wmic_create == psutil_create
+
+
+# ---
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not WINDOWS, reason="WINDOWS only")
+class TestDualProcessImplementation(PsutilTestCase):
+    """Certain APIs on Windows have 2 internal implementations, one
+    based on documented Windows APIs, another one based
+    NtQuerySystemInformation() which gets called as fallback in
+    case the first fails because of limited permission error.
+    Here we test that the two methods return the exact same value,
+    see:
+    https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/304.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        cls.pid = spawn_testproc().pid
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        terminate(cls.pid)
+
+    def test_memory_info(self):
+        mem_1 = psutil.Process(self.pid).memory_info()
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.cext.proc_memory_info",
+            side_effect=OSError(errno.EPERM, "msg"),
+        ) as fun:
+            mem_2 = psutil.Process(self.pid).memory_info()
+            assert len(mem_1) == len(mem_2)
+            for i in range(len(mem_1)):
+                assert mem_1[i] >= 0
+                assert mem_2[i] >= 0
+                assert abs(mem_1[i] - mem_2[i]) < 512
+            assert fun.called
+
+    def test_create_time(self):
+        ctime = psutil.Process(self.pid).create_time()
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.cext.proc_times",
+            side_effect=OSError(errno.EPERM, "msg"),
+        ) as fun:
+            assert psutil.Process(self.pid).create_time() == ctime
+            assert fun.called
+
+    def test_cpu_times(self):
+        cpu_times_1 = psutil.Process(self.pid).cpu_times()
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.cext.proc_times",
+            side_effect=OSError(errno.EPERM, "msg"),
+        ) as fun:
+            cpu_times_2 = psutil.Process(self.pid).cpu_times()
+            assert fun.called
+            assert abs(cpu_times_1.user - cpu_times_2.user) < 0.01
+            assert abs(cpu_times_1.system - cpu_times_2.system) < 0.01
+
+    def test_io_counters(self):
+        io_counters_1 = psutil.Process(self.pid).io_counters()
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.cext.proc_io_counters",
+            side_effect=OSError(errno.EPERM, "msg"),
+        ) as fun:
+            io_counters_2 = psutil.Process(self.pid).io_counters()
+            for i in range(len(io_counters_1)):
+                assert abs(io_counters_1[i] - io_counters_2[i]) < 5
+            assert fun.called
+
+    def test_num_handles(self):
+        num_handles = psutil.Process(self.pid).num_handles()
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.cext.proc_num_handles",
+            side_effect=OSError(errno.EPERM, "msg"),
+        ) as fun:
+            assert psutil.Process(self.pid).num_handles() == num_handles
+            assert fun.called
+
+    def test_cmdline(self):
+        for pid in psutil.pids():
+            try:
+                a = cext.proc_cmdline(pid, use_peb=True)
+                b = cext.proc_cmdline(pid, use_peb=False)
+            except OSError as err:
+                err = convert_oserror(err)
+                if not isinstance(
+                    err, (psutil.AccessDenied, psutil.NoSuchProcess)
+                ):
+                    raise
+            else:
+                assert a == b
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not WINDOWS, reason="WINDOWS only")
+class RemoteProcessTestCase(PsutilTestCase):
+    """Certain functions require calling ReadProcessMemory.
+    This trivially works when called on the current process.
+    Check that this works on other processes, especially when they
+    have a different bitness.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def find_other_interpreter():
+        # find a python interpreter that is of the opposite bitness from us
+        code = "import sys; sys.stdout.write(str(sys.maxsize > 2**32))"
+
+        # XXX: a different and probably more stable approach might be to access
+        # the registry but accessing 64 bit paths from a 32 bit process
+        for filename in glob.glob(r"C:\Python*\python.exe"):
+            proc = subprocess.Popen(
+                args=[filename, "-c", code],
+                stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+            )
+            output, _ = proc.communicate()
+            proc.wait()
+            if output == str(not IS_64BIT):
+                return filename
+
+    test_args = ["-c", "import sys; sys.stdin.read()"]
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        super().setUp()
+
+        other_python = self.find_other_interpreter()
+        if other_python is None:
+            raise pytest.skip(
+                "could not find interpreter with opposite bitness"
+            )
+        if IS_64BIT:
+            self.python64 = sys.executable
+            self.python32 = other_python
+        else:
+            self.python64 = other_python
+            self.python32 = sys.executable
+
+        env = os.environ.copy()
+        env["THINK_OF_A_NUMBER"] = str(os.getpid())
+        self.proc32 = self.spawn_testproc(
+            [self.python32] + self.test_args, env=env, stdin=subprocess.PIPE
+        )
+        self.proc64 = self.spawn_testproc(
+            [self.python64] + self.test_args, env=env, stdin=subprocess.PIPE
+        )
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        super().tearDown()
+        self.proc32.communicate()
+        self.proc64.communicate()
+
+    def test_cmdline_32(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(self.proc32.pid)
+        assert len(p.cmdline()) == 3
+        assert p.cmdline()[1:] == self.test_args
+
+    def test_cmdline_64(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(self.proc64.pid)
+        assert len(p.cmdline()) == 3
+        assert p.cmdline()[1:] == self.test_args
+
+    def test_cwd_32(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(self.proc32.pid)
+        assert p.cwd() == os.getcwd()
+
+    def test_cwd_64(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(self.proc64.pid)
+        assert p.cwd() == os.getcwd()
+
+    def test_environ_32(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(self.proc32.pid)
+        e = p.environ()
+        assert "THINK_OF_A_NUMBER" in e
+        assert e["THINK_OF_A_NUMBER"] == str(os.getpid())
+
+    def test_environ_64(self):
+        p = psutil.Process(self.proc64.pid)
+        try:
+            p.environ()
+        except psutil.AccessDenied:
+            pass
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# Windows services
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not WINDOWS, reason="WINDOWS only")
+class TestServices(PsutilTestCase):
+    def test_win_service_iter(self):
+        valid_statuses = set([
+            "running",
+            "paused",
+            "start",
+            "pause",
+            "continue",
+            "stop",
+            "stopped",
+        ])
+        valid_start_types = set(["automatic", "manual", "disabled"])
+        valid_statuses = set([
+            "running",
+            "paused",
+            "start_pending",
+            "pause_pending",
+            "continue_pending",
+            "stop_pending",
+            "stopped",
+        ])
+        for serv in psutil.win_service_iter():
+            data = serv.as_dict()
+            assert isinstance(data['name'], str)
+            assert data['name'].strip()
+            assert isinstance(data['display_name'], str)
+            assert isinstance(data['username'], str)
+            assert data['status'] in valid_statuses
+            if data['pid'] is not None:
+                psutil.Process(data['pid'])
+            assert isinstance(data['binpath'], str)
+            assert isinstance(data['username'], str)
+            assert isinstance(data['start_type'], str)
+            assert data['start_type'] in valid_start_types
+            assert data['status'] in valid_statuses
+            assert isinstance(data['description'], str)
+            pid = serv.pid()
+            if pid is not None:
+                p = psutil.Process(pid)
+                assert p.is_running()
+            # win_service_get
+            s = psutil.win_service_get(serv.name())
+            # test __eq__
+            assert serv == s
+
+    def test_win_service_get(self):
+        ERROR_SERVICE_DOES_NOT_EXIST = (
+            psutil._psplatform.cext.ERROR_SERVICE_DOES_NOT_EXIST
+        )
+        ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED = psutil._psplatform.cext.ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED
+
+        name = next(psutil.win_service_iter()).name()
+        with pytest.raises(psutil.NoSuchProcess) as cm:
+            psutil.win_service_get(name + '???')
+        assert cm.value.name == name + '???'
+
+        # test NoSuchProcess
+        service = psutil.win_service_get(name)
+        if PY3:
+            args = (0, "msg", 0, ERROR_SERVICE_DOES_NOT_EXIST)
+        else:
+            args = (ERROR_SERVICE_DOES_NOT_EXIST, "msg")
+        exc = WindowsError(*args)
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.cext.winservice_query_status", side_effect=exc
+        ):
+            with pytest.raises(psutil.NoSuchProcess):
+                service.status()
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.cext.winservice_query_config", side_effect=exc
+        ):
+            with pytest.raises(psutil.NoSuchProcess):
+                service.username()
+
+        # test AccessDenied
+        if PY3:
+            args = (0, "msg", 0, ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)
+        else:
+            args = (ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED, "msg")
+        exc = WindowsError(*args)
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.cext.winservice_query_status", side_effect=exc
+        ):
+            with pytest.raises(psutil.AccessDenied):
+                service.status()
+        with mock.patch(
+            "psutil._psplatform.cext.winservice_query_config", side_effect=exc
+        ):
+            with pytest.raises(psutil.AccessDenied):
+                service.username()
+
+        # test __str__ and __repr__
+        assert service.name() in str(service)
+        assert service.display_name() in str(service)
+        assert service.name() in repr(service)
+        assert service.display_name() in repr(service)